Cycadlist.org

Scientific Name
Bowenia serrulata
Bowenia spectabilis
Ceratozamia alba
Ceratozamia alvarezii
Ceratozamia aurantiaca
Ceratozamia becerrae
Ceratozamia brevifrons
Ceratozamia chamberlainii
Ceratozamia chimalapensis
Ceratozamia chinantlensis
Ceratozamia decumbens
Ceratozamia delucana
Ceratozamia dominguezii
Ceratozamia euryphyllidia
Ceratozamia fuscoviridis
Ceratozamia gigantea
Ceratozamia guatemalensis
Ceratozamia hildae
Ceratozamia hondurensis
Ceratozamia huastecorum

Search results: 916 names ( 393 accepted names, 444 synonyms and other names, and 79 invalidly published names )

Bowenia serrulata (W.Bull) Chamb., Bot. Gaz. 54: 419. (1912).

Type Location(s): BAS: B. spectabilis var. serrulata

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Bowenia spectabilis Hook. ex Hook.f., Bot. Mag. 89: t. 5398. (1863).

Type Location(s): LT: Bot. Mag. 89: t. 5398 (1863)

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Ceratozamia alba Pérez-Farr., Gut.Ortega & Vovides, Phytotaxa 666(4): 256-276 (265, figs. 5-11). (2024).

Type Location(s): HT:HEM; IT:CHIP, XAL

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Ceratozamia alvarezii Pérez-Farr., Vovides & Iglesias, Novon 9(3) 410-413, fig. 1. (1999).

Type Location(s): HT:CHIP; IT:F, MEXU, MO

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2acd; B1ab(i,iii,v)+2ab(i,iii,v); C1

Ceratozamia aurantiaca Pérez-Farr., Gut.Ortega, J.L.Haynes & Vovides, Taxonomy 1(3): 243-255. (2021).

Type Location(s): HT:HEM; IT:XAL

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Ceratozamia becerrae Pérez-Farr., Vovides & Schutzman, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 146(1): 123-128, figs. 1-7. (2004).

Type Location(s): HT:XAL

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Tabasco)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Ceratozamia brevifrons Miq., Tijdschr. Wis- Natuurk. Wetensch. Eerste Kl. Kon. Ned. Inst. Wetensch. 1(1): 41-42. (1847).

Type Location(s): NT:XAL

Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2c

Ceratozamia chamberlainii Mart.-Domínguez, Nic.-Mor. & D.W.Stev., Phytotaxa 317(1): 17-28. (2017).

Type Location(s): HT: CIB; IT: MEXU, NY

Distribution: Mexico (Hidalgo, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2c; B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Ceratozamia chimalapensis Pérez-Farr. & Vovides, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 157(2): 169-175, figs. 1-4. (2008).

Type Location(s): HT:HEM; IT:MEXU, MO, XAL

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A3cd+4cd; B2ab(ii,iii,v)

Ceratozamia chinantlensis Pérez-Farr., Ram.-Oviedo & Gut.-Ortega, Taxonomy 4(4): 733-747 (738, figs. 4-11). (2024).

Type Location(s): HT:HEM;IT:XAL,MEXU

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Ceratozamia decumbens Vovides, Avendaño, Pérez-Farr. & Gonz.-Astorga, Novon 18(1): 109-114, fig. 1. (2008).

Type Location(s): HT:XAL; IT:HEM, MO

Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2c; B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)

Ceratozamia delucana Vázq.Torres, A.Moretti & Carvajal-Hern., Delpinoa 50-51: 129-133, figs. 1-5 (2008-2009 issued December 2013). (2013).

Type Location(s): HT:CIB; IT:XAL, XALU

Distribution: Mexico (Puebla, Veracruz)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2cd; B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Ceratozamia dominguezii Pérez-Farr. & Gut.Ortega, Taxonomy 1(4): 345-349, figs. 2, 5-9. (2021).

Type Location(s): HT:HEM; IT:MEXU, XAL

Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Ceratozamia euryphyllidia Vázq.Torres, Sabato & D.W.Stev., Brittonia 38(1): 17-26, figs. 1-5. (1986).

Type Location(s): HT:NY; IT:CHAPA, NY, XALU

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca, Veracruz)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A4cd; B1ab(iii,v)

Ceratozamia fuscoviridis W.Bull, Retail List [Bull] No. 154: 4. (1879).

Type Location(s): NT:K; ET:CIB

Distribution: Mexico (Hidalgo, Veracruz)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2c; B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)

Ceratozamia gigantea Mart.-Domínguez, Nic.-Mor., D.W.Stev. & Gonz.-Aguilar, Kew Bull. 79(3): 543-558 (546, figs 1-3). (2024).

Type Location(s): HT:CIB; IT:MEXU

Distribution: Mexico (Tabasco)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Ceratozamia guatemalensis Pérez-Farr., Gut.Ortega & M.L.Quezada, Phytotaxa 668(1): 63-80 (71, figs. 10-15). (2024).

Type Location(s): HT:HEM; IT:USCG, XAL

Distribution: Guatemala (Huehuetenango)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Ceratozamia hildae G.P.Landry & M.C.Wilson, Brittonia 31(3): 422-424, fig. 1. (1979).

Type Location(s): HT:GH; IT:FTG, LSU, MEXU, MICH, NY, US

Distribution: Mexico (Querétaro, San Luis Potosí)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2acd

Ceratozamia hondurensis J.L.Haynes, Whitelock, Schutzman & R.S.Adams, Cycad Newslett. 31 (2-3): 16-21, figs. 1-2. (2008).

Type Location(s): HT:EAP; IT:MEXU, MO, NY

Distribution: Honduras (Atlántida)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)

Ceratozamia huastecorum Avendaño, Vovides & Cast.-Campos, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 141(3): 395-398, figs. 1-2. (2003).

Type Location(s): HT:XAL

Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered B1ab(iii,v)

Ceratozamia kuesteriana Regel, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 30(1): 187-188, t. 3, fig. 6; t. 4, fig. 22. (1857).

Type Location(s): HT:LE; IT:U

Distribution: Mexico (Tamaulipas)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2cd

Ceratozamia latifolia Miq., Tijdschr. Wis- Natuurk. Wetensch. Eerste Kl. Kon. Ned. Inst. Wetensch. 1(1): 206. (1848).

Type Location(s): NT:NY; INT:MEXU, NY

Distribution: Mexico (San Luis Potosí)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2cd

Ceratozamia leptoceras Mart.-Domínguez, Nic.-Mor., D.W.Stev. & Lorea-Hern., Phytokeys 156: 1-25. (2020).

Type Location(s): HT:CIB; IT: MEXU, NY

Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Ceratozamia matudae Lundell, Lloydia 2(2): 75-76. (1939).

Type Location(s): HT:MICH; IT:MEXU, MICH

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(ii,iii,v)

Ceratozamia mexicana Brongn., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 3, 5: 7-8, t.. 1 1. (1846).

Type Location(s): LT:P

Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2acd

Ceratozamia miqueliana H.Wendl., Index Palm.: 68. (1854).

Type Location(s): NT:NY

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Tabasco, Veracruz)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2acd; B2ab(iii,v); C2a(i)

Ceratozamia mirandae Vovides, Pérez-Farr. & Iglesias, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 137(1): 81-85, figs. 1-2. (2001).

Type Location(s): HT:CHIP; IT:MEXU

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(iii,v); C1

Ceratozamia mixeorum Chemnick, T.J.Greg. & Salas-Mor., Phytologia 83(1): 47-52 (1997 publ. 1998). (1998).

Type Location(s): LT:XAL

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2acd+4acd; B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)

Ceratozamia morettii Vázq.Torres & Vovides, Novon 8(1): 87-90, fig. 1. (1998).

Type Location(s): HT:CIB; IT:CIB, MEXU, XAL

Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2c; B1ab(iii,v)

Ceratozamia norstogii D.W.Stev., Brittonia 34(2): 181-184, figs. 1-2. (1982).

Type Location(s): HT:NY; IT:F, US

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2acd; B1ab(iii,v)

Ceratozamia oliversacksii D.W.Stev., Mart.-Domínguez & Nic.-Mor., Kew Bull. (https://doi:10.1007/S12225-021-09992-X): 1-9 Figs 1,2,3a, 4. (2022).

Type Location(s): HT:CIB; IT:K, MEXU, NY

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Ceratozamia osbornei D.W.Stev., Mart.-Domínguez & Nic.-Mor., PhytoKeys 208: 68 (-69, figs. 5-6, 22). (2022).

Type Location(s): HT:NY [NY01340569]; IT: MO [MO04661737, 04661738]

Distribution: Belize (Cayo, Toledo)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Ceratozamia reesii Vovides, Pérez-Farr. & Gut.Ortega, Phytotaxa 575(3): 241 (224-252; figs. 1b, 2, 3, 4d-f, map). (2022).

Type Location(s): HT:HEM, IT:XAL

Distribution: Mexico (San Luis Potosí)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Ceratozamia robusta Miq., Tijdschr. Wis- Natuurk. Wetensch. Eerste Kl. Kon. Ned. Inst. Wetensch. 1(1): 42-43. (1847).

Type Location(s): NT:NY; INT:NY

Distribution: Guatemala (Alta Verapaz, Petén, Quiché, Huehuetenango, Izabal), Mexico (Chiapas)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2acd

Ceratozamia rosea Pérez-Farr., Gut.Ortega & Vovides, Phytotaxa 595(1): 73-88 (79, figs. 6-11). (2023).

Type Location(s): HT:HEM;IT:CHIP, XAL

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Ceratozamia sabatoi Vovides, Vázq.Torres, Schutzman & Iglesias, Novon 3(4): 502-504, fig. 1. (1993).

Type Location(s): HT:XAL

Distribution: Mexico (Hidalgo, Querétaro)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2acd; B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)

Ceratozamia sancheziae Pérez-Farr., Gut.Ortega & Vovides, Phytotaxa 500(3): 201-216, figs. 2 (a-f) & 7 (a-d). (2021).

Type Location(s): HT:HEM; IT: XAL, MEXU

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Ceratozamia santillanii Pérez-Farr. & Vovides, Syst. Biodivers. 7(4): 433-443, figs. 3, 7. (2009).

Type Location(s): HT:HEM; IT:MEXU, XAL

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A3cd+4cd; B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)

Ceratozamia schiblii Pérez-Farr. & Gut.Ortega, Taxonomy 2: 324–338. (2022).

Type Location(s): HT:HEM; IT:MEXU, XAL

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Ceratozamia subroseophylla Mart.-Domínguez & Nic.-Mor., Phytotaxa 268(1): 25-45. (2016).

Type Location(s): HT: CIB; IT: MEXU, NY

Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(iii)

Ceratozamia tenuis (Dyer) D.W.Stev. & Vovides, Bot. Sci. 94(2): 419-429. (2016).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. mexicana var. tenuis

Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2c; B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Ceratozamia totonacorum Mart.-Domínguez & Nic.-Mor., Brittonia 69(4): 518. [epublished 31 May 2017]. (2017).

Type Location(s): HT:CIB

Distribution: Mexico (Hidalgo, Puebla, Veracruz)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable B1ab(iii)

Ceratozamia vovidesii Pérez-Farr. & Iglesias, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 153(4): 393-400, figs. 1-6. (2007).

Type Location(s): HT:HEM; IT:CHIP, MEXU, MO, XAL

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable D2

Ceratozamia whitelockiana Chemnick & T.J.Greg., Phytologia 79(1): 51-57 (1995 publ. 1996). (1996).

Type Location(s): LT:FTG; ILT:SBBG

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2c; B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)

Ceratozamia zaragozae Medellín, Brittonia 15(2): 175-176, figs. 1-4. (1963).

Type Location(s): HT:SLPM; IT:ENCB, MICH

Distribution: Mexico (San Luis Potosí)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(v)

Ceratozamia zoquorum Pérez-Farr., Vovides & Iglesias, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 137(1): 77-80, fig.1. (2001).

Type Location(s): HT:CHIP

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Tabasco)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2acd

Cycas aculeata K.D.Hill & T.H.Nguyên, Bot. Rev. (Lancaster) 70(2): 149-150. (2004).

Type Location(s): HT:HN; IT:NSW

Distribution: Vietnam (Da Nang)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2acde; B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)

Cycas aenigma K.D.Hill & A.Lindstr., Telopea 12(1): 130-132, fig. 3. (2008).

Type Location(s): HT:LBC

Distribution: Philippines (Palawan - cult.)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(iii,v)

Cycas angulata R.Br., Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 1: 348. (1810).

Type Location(s): HT:BM; IT:K

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Cycas annaikalensis Rita Singh & P.Radha, Brittonia 58(2): 119-123, figs. 1-2. (2006).

Type Location(s): HT:CAL

Distribution: India (Kerala)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered B2ab(iii,v); C2a(ii)

Cycas apoa K.D.Hill, Austral. Syst. Bot. 7(6): 553-554, fig. 9. (1994).

Type Location(s): HT:CANB; IT:A, BRI, LAE, L

Distribution: Indonesia (Maluku Utara, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Papua, Papua Barat), Papua New Guinea (West Sepik, Morobe)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Cycas arenicola K.D.Hill, Telopea 5(2): 419-422. (1993).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW; IT:DNA

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Cycas armstrongii Miq., Arch. Néerl. Sci. Exact. Nat. 3: 235-236. (1868).

Type Location(s): HT:U; IT: K, P

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A4cde

Cycas arnhemica K.D.Hill, Telopea 5(4): 693-696, fig. 1. (1994).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW; IT:DNA

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Cycas badensis K.D.Hill, Telopea 7(1): 20-21, fig. 9. (1996).

Type Location(s): HT:BRI: IT:DNA

Distribution: Australia (Queensland [Badu and Moa Islands])

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Cycas balansae Warb., Monsunia 1: 179. (1900).

Type Location(s): LT:P; ILT:G-DC, G, K

Distribution: China (Guangxi), Vietnam (Lang Son, Quang Ninh, Thai Nguyen, Vinh Phuc)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2acd+4acd

Cycas basaltica C.A.Gardner, For. Dep. Bull., W. Austral. 32: 31. (1923).

Type Location(s): HT:PERTH

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Cycas beddomei Dyer, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 2(5): 85-86, pl. 17. (1883).

Type Location(s): LT: K

Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(ii,iii,v)+2ab(ii,iii,v)

Cycas bifida (Dyer) K.D.Hill, Bot. Rev. (Lancaster) 70(2): 161-163. (2004).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. rumphii var. bifida

Distribution: China (Guangxi), Vietnam (Cao Bang, Lang Son, Tuyen Quang)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2cd

Cycas bougainvilleana K.D.Hill, Austral. Syst. Bot. 7(6): 557-560, fig. 11. (1994).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Papua New Guinea (Bougainville, New Britain), Solomon Islands

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened A4c

Cycas brachycantha K.D.Hill, T.H.Nguyên & P.K.Lôc, Bot. Rev. (Lancaster) 70(2): 155-157, fig. 6. (2004).

Type Location(s): HT:HN

Distribution: Vietnam (Bac Kan)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable D2

Cycas brunnea K.D.Hill, Telopea 5(1): 200-201, fig. 15. (1992).

Type Location(s): HT:DNA

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened B1a

Cycas cairnsiana F.Muell., Fragm. (Mueller) 10(83): 63, 121. (1876).

Type Location(s): HT:MEL

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened B2a; D2

Cycas calcicola Maconochie, J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 1(3): 175, fig. 1. (1978).

Type Location(s): HT:DNA

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A4cd; B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)

Cycas campestris K.D.Hill, Austral. Syst. Bot. 7(6): 538-540. (1994).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Papua New Guinea (Central, Gulf)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened B1b(iii,v)

Cycas canalis K.D.Hill, Telopea 5(4): 698-700, fig. 4a-d. (1994).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Cycas candida K.D.Hill, Telopea 10(2): 607-611, figs. 1-2. (2004).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW; IT:BRI, CANB, IBSC, K, NY, PE

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)

Cycas cantafolia Jutta, K.L.Chew & Saw, Blumea 55(3): 249-252, figs. 1-2. (2010).

Type Location(s): HT:KEP

Distribution: Malaysia (Johor)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable D2

Cycas chamaoensis K.D.Hill, Brittonia 51(1): 58, fig. 6. (1999).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Thailand (Chantaburi)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2ad; B1ab(i,ii,iv,v); C2a(i); D

Cycas changjiangensis N.Liu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 36(6): 552-554, fig. 1. (1998).

Type Location(s): HT:IBSC

Distribution: China (Hainan)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2acd+4acd; B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)

Cycas chenii X.Gong & Wei Zhou, J. Syst. Evol. 53(6): 497. [epublished 15 Apr 2015]. (2015).

Type Location(s): HT:KUN

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(iii,v)

Cycas chevalieri Leandri, Fl. Indo-Chine 5(10): 1092. (1931).

Type Location(s): LT:P

Distribution: Vietnam (Ha Tinh, Nghe An, Quang Binh, Quang Tri)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A4acd; B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)

Cycas circinalis L., Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 1188. (1753).

Type Location(s): LT: t. 19, in Rheede, Hort. Malab, 3 (1682)

Distribution: India (Andra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2cd+4cd

Cycas clivicola K.D.Hill, Brittonia 51(1): 62-63, fig. 8a-d, g-h. (1999).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Cambodia, Malaysia (Kedah, Perak, Selangor), Thailand (Chumphon, Krabi, Narathiwat, Phangnga, Phuket, Prachin Buri, Rayong, Ranong, Trang), Vietnam (An Giang, Kien Giang)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Cycas collina K.D.Hill, T.H.Nguyên & P.K.Lôc, Bot. Rev. (Lancaster) 70(2): 142-144, fig. 2. (2004).

Type Location(s): HT:HN

Distribution: Vietnam (Son La)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2ace+4ace

Cycas condaoensis K.D.Hill & S.L.Yang, Bot. Rev. (Lancaster) 70(2): 178-179, fig. 14. (2004).

Type Location(s): HT:K

Distribution: Vietnam (Ba Ria-Vung Tau)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Cycas conferta Chirgwin, J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 15(2): 147. (1993).

Type Location(s): HT:DNA

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable B1ab(i,ii,iv,v)

Cycas couttsiana K.D.Hill, Telopea 5(1): 197-198, fig. 13. (1992).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened B1a

Cycas cupida P.I.Forst., Austrobaileya 6(1): 153, figs. 1-5. (2001).

Type Location(s): HT:BRI

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened D2

Cycas curranii (J.Schust.) K.D.Hill, Proc. Third Int. Conf. Cycad Biol.: 150. (1995).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. circinalis var. curranii

Distribution: Philippines (Palawan)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2acd+4acd

Cycas debaoensis Y.C.Zhong & C.J.Chen, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35(6): 571. (1997).

Type Location(s): HT:PE; IT:GXF

Distribution: China (Guangxi)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A4cd

Cycas desolata P.I.Forst., Austrobaileya 4(3): 345-352, figs. 1-5. (1995).

Type Location(s): HT:BRI

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened D2

Cycas dharmrajii L.J.Singh, Nordic J. Bot. 35(1): 69–76. doi:10.1111/njb.01284. (2017).

Type Location(s): HT:CAL; IT: PBL

Distribution: India (Andaman and Nicobar Islands)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Cycas diannanensis Z.T.Guan & G.D.Tao, Sichuan Forest. Surv. Design 1995(4): 1. (1995).

Type Location(s): HT:IBSC

Distribution: China (Yunnan), ?N Vietnam

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)+2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)

Cycas distans P.I.Forst. & B.Gray, Austrobaileya 10(1): 74-84. (2017).

Type Location(s): HT:BRI

Distribution: Australia (Qld)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)

Cycas divyadarshanii Khuraijam & Rita Singh, Cycads 5(1): 59-76. (2020).

Type Location(s): H:IPUH

Distribution: China (Yunnan), India (Manipur), Laos, Myanmar, Thailand (Chiang Mai, Kanchanaburi, Mae Hong Son, Phetchabun, Phrae, Sukhothai), Vietnam (Binh Dinh, Gia Lai, Kon Tum, Lam Dong, Ninh Thuan, Phu Yen, Quang Nam, Quang Ngai)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Cycas dolichophylla K.D.Hill, T.H.Nguyên & P.K.Lôc, Bot. Rev. (Lancaster) 70(2): 157-160, fig. 7. (2004).

Type Location(s): HT:HN

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Yunnan), ?Laos, Vietnam (Bac Kan, Cao Bang, Ha Giang, Hoa Binh, Lai Chau, Lao Cai, Ninh Binh, Son La, Thai Nguyen, Thanh Hoa, Tuyen Quang)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened A4cd

Cycas edentata de Laub., Blumea 43(2): 372. (1998).

Type Location(s): HT:L

Distribution: Indonesia (Bali, Banten, Bengkulu, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, Kepulauan Riau, Lampung, Sumatra Utara), Malaysia (Johore, Kedah, Malacca, Negri Sembilan, Pahang, Perak, Sabah, Sarawak, Terengganu), Myanmar, Philippines (Basilan, Cebu, Masbate, Davao del Sur, Davao Oriental, Oriental Mindoro, Negros Oriental, Palawan, Panay, Quezon, Sulu), Singapore (Changi), Thailand (Chumphon, Narathiwat, Phang Nga, Phuket, Satun, Trang, Trat), Vietnam (Kien Giang)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2acde+4acde

Cycas elephantipes A.Lindstr. & K.D.Hill, Brittonia 54(4): 301, fig. 3 (2002 publ. 2003). (2003).

Type Location(s): HT:BKF

Distribution: Thailand (Chaiyaphum)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2d; B1ab(v)

Cycas elongata (Leandri) D.Yue Wang, in Cycads in China (eds. F.X. Wang & H.B. Liang) : 51. (1996).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. pectinata var. elongata

Distribution: Vietnam (Binh Dinh, Khanh Hoa, Ninh Thuan, Phu Yen, Quang Ngai)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2acd+4acd

Cycas falcata K.D.Hill, Kew Bull. 54(1): 209. (1999).

Type Location(s): HT:K

Distribution: Indonesia (Sulawesi Selatan, Sulawesi Tenggara)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable B1ab(iii,v)

Cycas ferruginea F.N.Wei, Guihaia 14(4): 300, fig. 1. (1994).

Type Location(s): HT:IBK

Distribution: China (Guangxi), Vietnam (Lang Son, Thai Nguyen)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened B1ab(iii,v)

Cycas flabellata Agoo & Madulid & J.R.Callado, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 117: 533-535, fig. 34-2. (2019).

Type Location(s): HT:PNH; IT:DLSUH

Distribution: Philippines (Davao Oriental, Misamis Oriental)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Cycas fugax K.D.Hill, T.H.Nguyên & P.K.Lôc, Bot. Rev. (Lancaster) 70(2): 145-146, figs. 2-3. (2004).

Type Location(s): HT:HN

Distribution: Vietnam (Phu Tho)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2cd; B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)

Cycas furfuracea W.Fitzg., J. Proc. Roy. Soc. Western Australia 3: 108. (1918).

Type Location(s): LT:NSW

Distribution: Australia (WA)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Cycas glauca Hort. ex Miq., Comm. Phytogr.: 127. (1840).

Type Location(s): LT:U

Distribution: Timor-Leste, Indonesia (Nusa Tenggara Timur)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2ac+4ace

Cycas guizhouensis K.M.Lan & R.F.Zou, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 21(2): 209-210. (1983).

Type Location(s): HT:GZAC; IT:PE

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A4acd

Cycas hoabinhensis P.K.Lôc & T.H.Nguyên, Bot. Rev. (Lancaster) 70(2): 153-155, fig. 5. (2004).

Type Location(s): HT:HNU

Distribution: Vietnam (Ha Nam, Ha Tay, Hoa Binh, Ninh Binh)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2acd+4acd; B1ab(ii,iii,v)+2ab(ii,iii,v)

Cycas hongheensis S.Y.Yang & S.L.Yang ex D.Yue Wang, in Cycads in China (eds. F.X. Wang & H.B. Liang) : 62. (1996).

Type Location(s): HT:Panzhihua Inst. Hort.

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2cd+4cd; B2ab(iii,v)

Cycas indica A.Lindstr. & K.D.Hill, Telopea 11(4): 481-483, fig. 3. (2007).

Type Location(s): HT:E

Distribution: India (Karnataka)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(ii,iii,v)+2ab(ii,iii,v)

Cycas inermis Lour., Fl. Cochinch. 2: 632. (1793).

Type Location(s): HT:BM

Distribution: Laos (Khammouan), Vietnam (Da Nang, Dong Nai, Khanh Hoa, Quang Nam)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2cd+4cd

Cycas javana (Miq.) de Laub. ex D.Yue Wang, in Cycads in China (eds. F.X. Wang & H.B. Liang) : 65. (1996).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. circinalis var. javana

Distribution: Indonesia (Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2ace+4ace

Cycas lacrimans A.Lindstr. & K.D.Hill, Telopea 12(1): 136-138, fig. 5. (2008).

Type Location(s): HT:NY

Distribution: Philippines (Davao Oriental)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)

Cycas lane-poolei C.A.Gardner, For. Dep. Bull., W. Austral. 32: 30-32, fig. e. (1923).

Type Location(s): HT:PERTH

Distribution: Australia (WA)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Cycas laotica Aver., T.H.Nguyên & S.K.Nguyên, Nordic J. Bot. [epublished 10 Sep 2014, DOI: 10.1111/njb.00498]. (2014).

Type Location(s): HT:NUOL; IT:LE, NHOL, Center for Plant Conservation

Distribution: Laos (Khammouan)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable D2

Cycas lindstromii S.L.Yang, K.D.Hill & T.H.Nguyên, Novon 7(2): 213-215, fig. 1. (1997).

Type Location(s): HT:FTG: IT:NSW

Distribution: Vietnam (Ba Ria-Vung Tau, Binh Thuan, Khanh Hoa, Ninh Thuan)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2acd+4acd; B1ab(iii,v)

Cycas maconochiei Chirgwin & K.D.Hill, Telopea 7(1): 48-49, fig. 22. (1996).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Cycas maconochiei subsp. lanata K.D.Hill, Telopea 7(1): 49-51. (1996).

Type Location(s): HT:DNA

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Cycas maconochiei subsp. maconochiei , Telopea 7(1): 48-49, fig. 22. (1996).

Type Location(s): AUT

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Cycas maconochiei subsp. viridis K.D.Hill, Telopea 7(1) : 51-52, fig. 23. (1996).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Cycas macrocarpa Griff., Not. Pl. Asiat. 4: 11-14, pl. 362, fig. 2. (1854).

Type Location(s): HT:K

Distribution: Laos (Vientiane), Malaysia (Kelantan, Pahang, Terengganu), Thailand (Chantaburi, Chumphon, Narathiwat, Ranong)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2cd+4cd

Cycas media R.Br., Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 1: 348. (1810).

Type Location(s): HT:BM

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Cycas media subsp. banksii K.D.Hill, Telopea 7(1): 15-16. (1996).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Cycas media subsp. ensata K.D.Hill, Telopea 7(1): 14-15, fig. 6. (1996).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Cycas media subsp. media , Telopea 7(1): 12-14, fig. 5. (1996).

Type Location(s): AUT

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Cycas megacarpa K.D.Hill, Telopea 5(1): 188-189, fig. 5. (1992).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2c

Cycas micholitzii Dyer, Gard. Chron., ser. 3 38: 142-144, figs. 48-49. (1905).

Type Location(s): HT:K

Distribution: Laos (Champasak, Saravan), Vietnam (Dac Lak, Gia Lai, Kon Tum)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2cd+4cd

Cycas micronesica K.D.Hill, Austral. Syst. Bot. 7(6): 554-556, fig. 10. (1994).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Guam, Micronesia (Yap), Northern Mariana Islands (Rota), Palau

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A4ace

Cycas mindanaensis Agoo, Madulid & J.R.Callado, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 117: 531-533, fig. 34-1. (2019).

Type Location(s): HT:PNH; IT:DLSUH

Distribution: Phillippines (Davao Oriental, Davao del Norte)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Cycas montana A.Lindstr. & K.D.Hill, Telopea 12(3): 396-397, fig. 3. (2009).

Type Location(s): HT:BO

Distribution: Indonesia (Nusa Tenggara Timur)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Cycas multifrondis D.Yue Wang, in Cycads in China (eds. F.X. Wang & H.B. Liang) : 80. (1996).

Type Location(s): HT:SYS

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Cycas multipinnata C.J.Chen & S.Y.Yang, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 32(3): 239, 480-481. (1994).

Type Location(s): HT:PE

Distribution: China (Yunnan), Vietnam (Yen Bai)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2acd+4acd

Cycas nathorstii J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 76, fig. 10e. (1932).

Type Location(s): LT:G

Distribution: India (Tamil Nadu), N Sri Lanka

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2cd+4cd

Cycas nayagarhensis Rita Singh, P.Radha & Khuraijam, Asian J. Conservation Biol. 4(1): 3-14, figs. 4-6. (2015).

Type Location(s): HT: CAL

Distribution: India (Odisha)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered B1ab(iii,v)

Cycas nitida K.D.Hill & A.Lindstr., Telopea 12(1): 142-143, fig. 6. (2008).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Philippines (Albay, Cagayan, Quezon, Northern Samar)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2ac

Cycas nongnoochiae K.D.Hill, Brittonia 51(1): 60-62, fig. 7. (1999).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Laos (Vientiane), Thailand (Nakhon Sawan)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2d; B1ab(v)

Cycas ophiolitica K.D.Hill, Telopea 5(1): 190-191, fig. 7. (1992).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2cd+4cd; B1ab(iii,v)

Cycas orientis K.D.Hill, Telopea 5(4): 696-697, fig. 3. (1994).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Cycas orixensis (Haines) Rita Singh & Khuraijam, Asian J. Conservation Biol. 4(1): 3-14, figs. 1-3. (2015).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. circinalis var. orixensis

Distribution: India (Odisha)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A4ad

Cycas pachypoda K.D.Hill, Bot. Rev. (Lancaster) 70(2): 176-178, fig. 13. (2004).

Type Location(s): HT:HN

Distribution: Vietnam (Binh Thuan, Ninh Thuan)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A4acd

Cycas panzhihuaensis L.Zhou & S.Y.Yang, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 19(3): 335, t. 10, figs. 1-6; t. 11, figs. 1-10. (1981).

Type Location(s): HT:PE

Distribution: China (Sichuan, Yunnan)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable B1ab(iii,v)

Cycas papuana F.Muell., Descr. Notes Papuan Pl. 4: 71-72. (1876).

Type Location(s): LT:MEL

Distribution: Australia (Queensland [Prince of Wales Island]), Indonesia (Papua), Papua New Guinea (Western)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Cycas pectinata Buch.-Ham., Mem. Wern. Nat. Hist. Soc. 5(2): 322-323. (1826).

Type Location(s): LT:K

Distribution: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India (Assam, Bihar, Meghalaya, Sikkim, West Bengal), Nepal

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2cd+4cd

Cycas petraea A.Lindstr. & K.D.Hill, Brittonia 54(4): 299, fig. 1 (2002 publ. 2003). (2003).

Type Location(s): HT:BKF; IT: K, NSW, NY

Distribution: Laos (Vientiane),Thailand (Loei)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(v)

Cycas platyphylla K.D.Hill, Telopea 5(1): 193-194, fig. 9. (1992).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A4d

Cycas pranburiensis S.L.Yang, W.Tang, K.D.Hill & Vatch., Brittonia 51(1): 44-47, fig. 1. (1999).

Type Location(s): HT:K

Distribution: Thailand (Prachuap Khiri Khan)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered B1ab(v)

Cycas pruinosa Maconochie, J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 1(3): 177-178, fig. 2. (1978).

Type Location(s): HT:DNA

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory, WA)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Cycas pschannae R.C.Srivast. & L.J.Singh, Int. J. Curr. Res. Biosci. Plant Biol. 2 (8): 35-37. (2015).

Type Location(s): H—CAL

Distribution: India (Andaman and Nicobar Islands)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Cycas revoluta Thunb., Verh. Holl. Maatsch Weetensch. Haarlem 20(2): 424, 426-427. (1782).

Type Location(s): LT:UPS

Distribution: China (Fujian), Japan (Ryukyu Islands)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Cycas riuminiana Porte ex Regel, Gartenflora 12: 16-17. (1863).

Type Location(s): HT:LE

Distribution: Philippines (Bataan, Batanes, Batangas, Cagayan, Cavite, Isabela, Laguna, Pampanga)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A4acd

Cycas rumphii Miq., Bull. Sci. Phys. Nat. Néerl. 2: 45. (1839).

Type Location(s): LT: t. 23, Rumphius Herb. Amb. 1741

Distribution: Australia (Ashmore Reef, Christmas Island), Indonesia (Jawa Timur, Kalimantan Barat, Maluku, Maluku Utara, Papua, Papua Barat, Sulawesi Utara, Sulawesi Tengah, Sulawesi Selatan, Sulawesi Tenggara), Papua New Guinea (East New Britain, Madang, New Ireland, West Sepik)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened A2cd

Cycas sancti-lasallei Agoo & Madulid, Blumea 57(2): 131. (2012).

Type Location(s): HT:PNH

Distribution: Philippines (Misamis Oriental)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered B1ab(i,iii,v); C2a(ii)

Cycas saxatilis K.D.Hill & A.Lindstr., Telopea 12(1): 128-129, fig. 2. (2008).

Type Location(s): HT:L

Distribution: Philippines (Palawan)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable D2

Cycas schumanniana Lauterb., Fl. Schutzgeb. Südsee: 154-155. (1900).

Type Location(s): LT:WRSL

Distribution: Papua New Guinea (Eastern Highlands, Madang, Morobe)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened B1b(iii,v)

Cycas scratchleyana F.Muell., Vict. Naturalist 2(2): 18-19. (1885).

Type Location(s): HT:MEL

Distribution: Australia (Queensland [Murray Island]), Indonesia (Maluku, Maluku Utara, Papua, Papua Barat), Papua New Guinea (Central, Gulf, Milne Bay, Western)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Cycas seemannii A.Braun, Sitzungsber. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin: 114-115. (1876).

Type Location(s): LT:K

Distribution: Fiji, New Caledonia, Tonga, Vanuatu

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A4cd

Cycas segmentifida D.Yue Wang & C.Y.Deng, Encephalartos 43: 11-14. (1995).

Type Location(s): HT:SZG

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan), ?N Vietnam

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2cd

Cycas semota K.D.Hill, Telopea 7(1): 23-26, fig. 11. (1996).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable D2

Cycas seshachalamensis P.V.C.Rao, N.V.S.Prasad, P.M.Babu, K.Prassad & Prasanna, Asian J. Conservation Biol. 5(1): 55-58, figs. 1-2. (2016).

Type Location(s): HT:CAL; IT: BSID

Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Cycas sexseminifera F.N.Wei, Guihaia 16(1): 1. (1996).

Type Location(s): HT:IBK

Distribution: China (Guangxi), Vietnam (Cao Bang, Ninh Binh, Thanh Hoa)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Cycas siamensis Miq., Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 21: 334. (1863).

Type Location(s): HT:U

Distribution: Cambodia, Laos (Champasak, Saravan), Myanmar, Thailand (Chachoengsao, Chaiyaphum, Chon Buri, Kanchanaburi, Lampang, Nakhon Ratchasima, Phetchabun, Ratchaburi, Sakon Nakhon, Tak, Uthai Thani, Uttaridit), Vietnam (Dac Lak, Gia Lai, Kon Tum, Nghe An, Tha

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2cd+4cd

Cycas silvestris K.D.Hill, Telopea 5(1): 181-182, fig. 1. (1992).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened B1a; D2

Cycas simplicipinna (Smitinand) K.D.Hill, Proc. Third Int. Conf. Cycad Biol.: 150. (1995).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. micholitzii var. simplicipinna

Distribution: China (Yunnan), Laos (Saravan), ?Myanmar, Thailand (Chiang Mai, Loei, Mae Hong Song, Phrae), Vietnam (Quang Tri)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened A2cd

Cycas sphaerica Roxb., Fl. Ind. (Roxburgh) 3: 747. (1832).

Type Location(s): LT:BM

Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(iii,v)

Cycas sundaica Miq. ex A.Lindstr. & K.D.Hill, Telopea 12(3): 408-410, fig. 6. (2009).

Type Location(s): HT:BO

Distribution: Indonesia (Nusa Tenggara Barat, Nusa Tenggara Timur)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Cycas szechuanensis W.C.Cheng & L.K.Fu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 13(4): 81, t. 1, figs. 7-8. (1975).

Type Location(s): HT:PE

Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2acd

Cycas taitungensis C.F.Shen, K.D.Hill, C.H.Tsou & C.J.Chen, Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 35(2): 135-138. (1994).

Type Location(s): HT:HAST

Distribution: China (Taiwan)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A3e; B1ab(v)

Cycas taiwaniana Carruth., J. Bot. 31: 1-3, pl. 331. (1893).

Type Location(s): HT:BM

Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2cd+4cd

Cycas tanqingii D.Yue Wang, in Cycads in China (eds. F.X. Wang & H.B. Liang) : 134, fig. 4. (1996).

Type Location(s): HT:SZG

Distribution: China (Yunnan), ?Vietnam (Lai Chau)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened B1a

Cycas tansachana K.D.Hill & S.L.Yang, Brittonia 51(1): 65-66. (1999).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Thailand (Saraburi)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A3cd+4cd; B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)

Cycas terryana P.I.Forst., Austrobaileya 8(3): 356-363, t.1, figs. 1-4. (2011).

Type Location(s): HT:BRI

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable B1ab(ii,iii,v)

Cycas thouarsii R.Br., Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland.: 347. (1810).

Type Location(s): ?HT:P

Distribution: Comoros, Kenya, Madagascar & Tanzania (Zanzibar & mainland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Cycas tropophylla K.D.Hill & P.K.Lôc, Bot. Rev. (Lancaster) 70(2): 168-170, fig. 10. (2004).

Type Location(s): HT:HN

Distribution: Vietnam (Hai Phong, Quang Ninh)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2c+4c; B1ab(iii,v)

Cycas tuckeri K.D.Hill, Telopea 7(1): 20-23, fig. 10. (1996).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable D2

Cycas vespertilio A.Lindstr. & K.D.Hill, Telopea 12(1): 134-136, fig. 4. (2008).

Type Location(s): HT:LBC

Distribution: Philippines (Cebu, Iloilo, Leyte, Marinduque, Mindoro Oriental, Negros Oriental, Samar)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable B2ab(iii,v)

Cycas wadei Merr., Philipp. J. Sci. 60(3): 234-236, pls 1-4. (1936).

Type Location(s): LT:NY

Distribution: Philippines (Palawan)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered B1ab(iii,v)

Cycas xipholepis K.D.Hill, Telopea 7(1): 32-33, fig. 15. (1996).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Cycas yorkiana K.D.Hill, Telopea 7(1): 18-19, fig. 8. (1996).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened B1b(iii)

Cycas zambalensis Madulid & Agoo, Blumea 50(3): 519-522. fig. 1.. (2005).

Type Location(s): HT:PNH

Distribution: Philippines (Zambales)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A4acd

Cycas zeylanica (J.Schust.) A.Lindstr. & K.D.Hill, Novon 12(2): 238. (2002).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. rumphii subsp. zeylanica

Distribution: India (Andaman and Nicobar Islands), S Sri Lanka

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2ac

Dioon angustifolium Miq., Tijdschr. Wis- Natuurk. Wetensch. Eerste Kl. Kon. Ned. Inst. Wetensch. 1(1): 37-38. (1847).

Type Location(s): LT:K

Distribution: Mexico (Nuevo León, Tamaulipas)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2cd+4cd

Dioon argenteum T.J.Greg., Chemnick, Salas-Mor. & Vovides, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 141(4): 471-476, figs. 1-8. (2003).

Type Location(s): HT:XAL; IT:F, CAS, MEXU

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable B1ab(iii,v)

Dioon califanoi De Luca & Sabato, Brittonia 31(1): 170-172, figs. 2-3. (1979).

Type Location(s): HT:NAP; IT:ENCB, F, FI, G, MICH, NAP

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca, Puebla)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2cd; B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)

Dioon caputoi De Luca, Sabato & Vázq.Torres, Brittonia 32(1): 44-46, figs. 3-4. (1995).

Type Location(s): HT:XALU; IT:ENCB, FI, MEXU, NAP

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca, Puebla)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2acd

Dioon edule Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 29: misc. 59-60. (1843).

Type Location(s): HT:CGE

Distribution: Mexico (Hidalgo, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas, Veracruz)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened A2cd

Dioon holmgrenii De Luca, Sabato & Vázq.Torres, Brittonia 33(4): 552-554, figs. 1-2. (1981).

Type Location(s): HT:XALU; IT:ENCB, FI, MEXU, NAP, NY

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)

Dioon mejiae Standl. & L.O.Williams, Ceiba 1(1): 36-38. (1950).

Type Location(s): HT:US; IT:EAP

Distribution: Honduras (Colón, Olancho, Yoro)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2acd+3cd+4acd; B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)+2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)

Dioon merolae De Luca, Sabato & Vázq.Torres, Brittonia 33(2): 180-184, figs. 2-3. (1981).

Type Location(s): HT:NAP IT:FI, MEXU, NY, XALU

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2cd; C2a(i)

Dioon oaxacensis Gut.Ortega, Pérez-Farr. & Vovides, Phytotaxa 474(1): 51-61. (2020).

Type Location(s): HT:HEM

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Dioon planifolium Salas-Mor., Chemnick & T.J.Greg., Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 88(1): 35-42. (2016).

Type Location(s): HT:MEXU; IT: CAS, F, FTG, SERO, XAL

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable C1; D2

Dioon purpusii Rose, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 12(7): 260-261. (1909).

Type Location(s): HT:US; IT: F, NY).

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(v)

Dioon rzedowskii De Luca, A.Moretti, Sabato & Vázq.Torres, Brittonia 32(2): 225-229. (1980).

Type Location(s): HT:XALU IT: ENCB, FI, MEXU, NAP, NY)

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2ac+4ac; B1ab(i,iii,iv,v)

Dioon salas-moralesiae Gut.Ortega & Pérez-Farr., Phytotaxa 528(2): 93-110, figs. 10-13. (2021).

Type Location(s): HT:HEM;IT:MEXU, XAL

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Dioon sonorense (De Luca, Sabato & Vázq.Torres) Chemnick, T.J.Greg. & Salas-Mor., Phytologia 83(1): 1-6 (1997 publ. 1998). (1998).

Type Location(s): BAS: D. tomasellii var. sonorense

Distribution: Mexico (Sinaloa, Sonora)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2cd+4cd

Dioon spinulosum Dyer ex Eichler, Gart.-Zeitung (Berlin) 2: 411-413, 438-439, fig. 80. (1883).

Type Location(s): HT:K

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca, Veracruz)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2acd+4acd; B1ab(iii,v)

Dioon stevensonii Nic.-Mor. & Vovides, Syst. Biodivers. 7(1): 73-79, figs. 1-2. (2009).

Type Location(s): HT:XAL; IT:MEXU)

Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Michoacán)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(ii,v); C2a(i)

Dioon tomasellii De Luca, Sabato & Vázq.Torres, Brittonia 36(3): 225-227, figs. 2-5. (1984).

Type Location(s): HT:NAP; IT:ENCB, MEXU, NY, XALU

Distribution: Mexico (Durango, Jalisco, Nayarit, Sinaloa)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2cd

Dioon vovidesii Gut.Ortega & Pérez-Farr., Phytotaxa 369(2): 109. 2018 [epublished 13 Sep 2018]. (2018).

Type Location(s): HT:HEM; IT: XAL, MEXU

Distribution: Mexico (Sonora)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Encephalartos aemulans Vorster, S. African J. Bot. 56(2): 239-243. (1990).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE; IT:FTG, K!, LE, MO

Distribution: South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered B1ab(v)+2ab(v)

Encephalartos afer (Thunb.) Lehm., Allg. Gartenzeitung 2(11): 86. (1834).

Type Location(s): Bas: Cycas afra

Distribution: South Africa (E Cape)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened A2cd; B2ab(iii,v)

Encephalartos altensteinii Lehm., Allg. Gartenzeitung 2(11): 85. (1834).

Type Location(s): ?LT:tt. 4-5

Distribution: South Africa (E Cape)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2acd

Encephalartos aplanatus Vorster, S. African J. Bot. 62: 57-60. (1996).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE

Distribution: Eswatini, Mozambique

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2cd; B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)

Encephalartos arenarius R.A.Dyer, J. S. African Bot. 22(1): 1-4. (1956).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE; IT:GRA, K, NBG

Distribution: South Africa (E Cape)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2acd; B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)+2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v); C1

Encephalartos barteri Carruth. ex Miq., Arch. Néerl. Sci. Exact. Nat. 3: 243. (1868).

Type Location(s): IT:K

Distribution: Benin (Atakora, Borgou, Collines, Donga, Zou), Ghana, Nigeria (Kwara, Plateau), Togo

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2cd+4cd

Encephalartos barteri subsp. allochrous L.E.Newton, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 77(2): 125-129. (1978).

Type Location(s): HT:K

Distribution: Nigeria (Plateau)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Encephalartos barteri subsp. barteri , J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 77(2): 125-129. (1978).

Type Location(s): AUT

Distribution: Benin (Atakora, Borgou, Collines, Donga, Zou), Ghana, Nigeria (Kwara), Togo

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Encephalartos brevifoliolatus Vorster, S. African J. Bot. 62(1): 61-64. (1996).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE; IT:K

Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Extinct in the Wild

Encephalartos bubalinus Melville, Kew Bull. 12(2): 252, fig. 4. (1957).

Type Location(s): HT:K; IT:B

Distribution: Kenya (Narok), Tanzania (Arusha)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable D2

Encephalartos cerinus Lavranos & D.L.Goode, Durban Mus. Novit. 14: 153– 156. (1989).

Type Location(s): HT:NH

Distribution: South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2acd; B1ab(i,ii,v)+2ab(i,ii,v); C2a(i,ii); D

Encephalartos chimanimaniensis R.A.Dyer & I.Verd., Kirkia 7: 147-158. (1969).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE

Distribution: Mozambique (Manica), Zimbabwe (Manicaland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)+2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)

Encephalartos concinnus R.A.Dyer & I.Verd., Kirkia 7: 147-158. (1969).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE

Distribution: Zimbabwe (Matabeleland South, Midlands and Masvingo)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A4acd

Encephalartos cupidus R.A.Dyer, Bothalia 10(2): 379-383. (1971).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE

Distribution: South Africa (Mpumalanga)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2acd+4acd; B1ab(ii,iii,v); C1+2a(i,ii)

Encephalartos cycadifolius (Jacq.) Lehm., Allg. Gartenzeitung 2(11): 86. (1834).

Type Location(s): BAS: Z. cycadifolia

Distribution: South Africa (E Cape)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Encephalartos delucanus Malaisse, Sclavo & Crosiers, Ann. Gembloux 98(2): 153-155, fig. 1. (1992).

Type Location(s): HT:BR

Distribution: Tanzania (Katavi)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)

Encephalartos dolomiticus Lavranos & D.L.Goode, Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 58(1-2): 219-224. (1988).

Type Location(s): HT:NH; IT:MO

Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2acd+4ad; B2ab(i,ii,iv,v); C1+2a(i); D

Encephalartos dyerianus Lavranos & D.L.Goode, Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 58(1-2): 219-224. (1988).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE

Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered B1ab(v)+2ab(v)

Encephalartos equatorialis P.J.H.Hurter, S. African J. Bot. 61(4): 226-229. (1995).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE

Distribution: Uganda (Eastern)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)

Encephalartos eugene-maraisii I.Verd., J. S. African Bot. 11(1): 1-3. (1945).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE

Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2ad+4ad; B1ab(v)

Encephalartos ferox G.Bertol, Mem. Reale Accad. Sci. Ist. Bologna 3: 264-265. (1851).

Type Location(s): ?

Distribution: Mozambique (Gaza, Inhambane, Maputo), South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened A4cd

Encephalartos ferox subsp. emersus P.Rousseau, Vorster & A.E.van Wyk, Phytotaxa 204(2): 99-115. (2015).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE; IT:K, LMA, FTG, PRU

Distribution: Mozambique (Inhambane)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Encephalartos ferox subsp. ferox , Phytotaxa 204(2): 99-115. (2015).

Type Location(s): AUT

Distribution: Mozambique (Gaza, Inhambane, Maputo), South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Encephalartos friderici-guilielmi Lehm., Allg. Gartenzeitung 2(11): 84. (1834).

Type Location(s): ?LT:tt. 1-3

Distribution: South Africa (E Cape, KwaZulu-Natal)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened A2ac+4ac

Encephalartos ghellinckii Lem., Ill. Hort. 14, misc.: 80-81; 15: pl. 567. (1867).

Type Location(s): ?NT:pl. 567 in Hort. 15, misc. (1868)

Distribution: South Africa (E Cape, KwaZulu-Natal)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable C1

Encephalartos gratus Prain, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1916: 181. (1916).

Type Location(s): LT:K

Distribution: Malawi (Mulanje), Mozambique (Zambézia)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A4cd

Encephalartos heenanii R.A.Dyer, Bothalia 10(4): 539-546. (1972).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE; IT:M, PRE, S

Distribution: Eswatini, South Africa (Mpumalanga)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Extinct in the Wild

Encephalartos hildebrandtii A.Braun & C.D.Bouché, Index Seminum Hort. Bot. Berol. 1874: 18. (1874).

Type Location(s): HT:B

Distribution: Kenya (Coast), Tanzania (Lushoto, Tanga, Zanzibar Island)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Encephalartos hirsutus P.J.H.Hurter, S. African J. Bot. 62(1): 46-48, fig. 1. (1996).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE

Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2ad; B2ab(v); C1+2a(i,ii); D

Encephalartos horridus (Jacq.) Lehm., Allg. Gartenzeitung 2(11): 86. (1834).

Type Location(s): BAS: Z. horrida

Distribution: South Africa (E Cape)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2acd+4acd

Encephalartos humilis I.Verd., Bothalia 6(1): 220, 241, pl. 3. (1951).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE; IT:GRA, S

Distribution: South Africa (Mpumalanga)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2acd+4acd; B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)

Encephalartos inopinus R.A.Dyer, Bothalia 8(2): 169-170. (1964).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE; IT:B, LMA, M, NBG, PRE, S, SRGH

Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2ad+4ad; B1ab(v)+2ab(v); C2a(i,ii); D

Encephalartos ituriensis Bamps & Lisowski, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 57: 152-155. (1990).

Type Location(s): HT:BR; IT:POZG

Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo (Orientale)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable D1

Encephalartos kisambo Faden & Beentje, Utafiti 2(1): 7-10. (1989).

Type Location(s): HT:K; IT:BR, EA, MO, PRE, UPS, US, WAG

Distribution: Kenya (Taita-Taveta), Tanzania (Kilimanjaro, ?Morogoro)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(ii,iii)+2ab(ii,iii)

Encephalartos laevifolius Stapf & Burtt Davy, Man. Pl. Transvaal [Burtt Davy] 1: 40, 99. (1926).

Type Location(s): HT:K; IT:NH

Distribution: Eswatini, South Africa (E Cape, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo, Mpumalanga)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2acde; C1+2a(i,ii); D

Encephalartos lanatus Stapf & Burtt Davy, Man. Pl. Transvaal [Burtt Davy] 1: 40, 99, fig. 4d. (1926).

Type Location(s): HT:K

Distribution: South Africa (Gauteng, Mpumalanga)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable B1ab(v)+2ab(v)

Encephalartos latifrons Lehm., Tijdschr. Natuurl. Gesch. Physiol. 4(4): 424, t.9. (1838).

Type Location(s): ?LT:t. 9

Distribution: South Africa (E Cape)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2acd; C1+2a(i)

Encephalartos laurentianus De Wild., Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Bot. sér. 5, 1(1): 10, t. 25. (1903).

Type Location(s): HT:BR

Distribution: Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened B1a

Encephalartos lebomboensis I.Verd., Fl. Pl. Africa 27: pls. 1078-1079. (1949).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE; IT:BOL, NH

Distribution: Eswatini, Mozambique, South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2acd; B1ab(ii,iii,v)+2ab(ii,iii,v)

Encephalartos lehmannii Lehm., Allg. Gartenzeitung 2(11): 86. (1834).

Type Location(s): ?

Distribution: South Africa (E Cape)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2acd+4acd

Encephalartos longifolius (Jacq.) Lehm., Allg. Gartenzeitung 2(11): 86. (1834).

Type Location(s): BAS: Z. longifolia

Distribution: South Africa (E Cape)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened A2ad; B1ab(v)

Encephalartos mackenziei L.E.Newton, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 140(2): 187-192, figs. 1-6. (2002).

Type Location(s): HT:EA

Distribution: South Sudan (Eastern Equatoria)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered B1ab(i,ii,iii)

Encephalartos macrostrobilus S.Jones & Wynants, Encephalartos 50: 13-17, figs. 1-2. (1997).

Type Location(s): HT:BR

Distribution: Uganda (Northern)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered B1ab(ii,iii,v); C2a(ii)

Encephalartos manikensis (Gilliland) Gilliland, Proc. Rhodesia Sci. Assoc. 37: 133-134. (1939).

Type Location(s): BAS: E. gratus var. manikensis

Distribution: Mozambique (Manica), Zimbabwe

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2acd

Encephalartos marunguensis Devred, Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 91: 104-110. (1958).

Type Location(s): HT:BR; IT:YBI

Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo (Katanga)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable B1ab(iii,v)

Encephalartos middelburgensis Vorster, Robbertse & S.van der Westh., S. African J. Bot. 55(1): 122-126. (1989).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE; IT:K

Distribution: South Africa (Mpumalanga)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2acde; C1

Encephalartos msinganus Vorster, S. African J. Bot. 62(2): 67-70. (1996).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE; IT:FTG, K, LE, MO

Distribution: South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered B1ab(iii,v); C2a(ii)

Encephalartos munchii R.A.Dyer & I.Verd., Kirkia 7: 147-158. (1969).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE; IT:SRGH

Distribution: Mozambique (Manica)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)

Encephalartos natalensis R.A.Dyer & I.Verd., Bothalia 6(1): 205-211, pls 1-3. (1951).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE; IT:GRA, NH

Distribution: South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2acd

Encephalartos ngoyanus I.Verd., Fl. Pl. Africa 27: pls 1053-1054. (1949).

Type Location(s): ?HT:PRE

Distribution: Eswatini, Mozambique, South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable B1ab(iii,v); C2a(i)

Encephalartos nubimontanus P.J.H.Hurter, Phytologia 78(6): 409-410, fig. 1. (1995).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE

Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Extinct in the Wild

Encephalartos paucidentatus Stapf & Burtt Davy, Man. Pl. Transvaal [Burtt Davy] 1: 40, 99, fig. 4a. (1926).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE

Distribution: Eswatini, South Africa (Mpumalanga)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2ac; B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)+2ab(i,ii,iii,v)

Encephalartos poggei Asch., Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 20: 35-36. (1878).

Type Location(s): ?

Distribution: Angola (Lunda Sul), Democratic Republic of Congo (Kasai-Occidental, Katanga)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Encephalartos princeps R.A.Dyer, J. S. African Bot. 31(2): 111-112, pl. 19. (1965).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE; IT:SAM

Distribution: South Africa (E Cape)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A4acd; B1ab(iii,v)

Encephalartos pterogonus R.A.Dyer & I.Verd., Kirkia 7: 147-158. (1969).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE; IT:SRGH

Distribution: Mozambique (Manica)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered B1ab(ii,iii,v)

Encephalartos relictus P.J.H.Hurter, Bothalia 31(2): 197-199. (2001).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE

Distribution: Eswatini

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Extinct in the Wild

Encephalartos schaijesii Malaisse, Sclavo & Crosiers, Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 62: 215-219. (1993).

Type Location(s): HT:BR

Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo (Lualaba), Zambia (North-Western)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable B1ab(ii,iii,v)+2ab(ii,iii,v)

Encephalartos schmitzii Malaisse, Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 39(4): 401-406. (1969).

Type Location(s): HT:BR

Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo (Haut-Katanga), Zambia (Muchinga)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable B1ab(iii,v)

Encephalartos sclavoi A.Moretti, D.W.Stev. & De Luca, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 57: 156-161. (1990).

Type Location(s): HT:K; IT:MO

Distribution: Tanzania (Tanga)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v); C2a(i)

Encephalartos senticosus Vorster, S. African J. Bot. 62(2): 76-79. (1996).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE; IT:FTG, K, LE, MO

Distribution: Eswatini, Mozambique, South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2acd

Encephalartos septentrionalis Schweinf., Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 29(20): 334. (1871).

Type Location(s): SYN—K

Distribution: Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo (Orientale), South Sudan (Western Equatoria), Uganda (Northern)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Encephalartos tegulaneus Melville, Kew Bull. 12(2): 249, fig. 3. (1957).

Type Location(s): HT:K; IT:B, BR, EA

Distribution: Kenya (Eastern, Rift Valley)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Encephalartos tegulaneus subsp. powysii Miringu & Beentje, J. E. Afr. Nat. Hist. 88: 35. (2000).

Type Location(s): HT:EA; IT:K

Distribution: Kenya (Eastern)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Encephalartos tegulaneus subsp. tegulaneus , J. E. Afr. Nat. Hist. 88: 35. (1999).

Type Location(s): AUT

Distribution: Kenya (Rift Valley)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Encephalartos transvenosus Stapf & Burtt Davy, Man. Pl. Transvaal [Burtt Davy] 1: 40, 99, fig. 4b. (1926).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE; IT:K, NBG

Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened B1b(iii,v)+2b(iii,v)

Encephalartos trispinosus (Hook.) R.A.Dyer, J. S. African Bot. 31(2): 112-116, pl. 20. (1965).

Type Location(s): BAS: E. horridus var. trispinosus

Distribution: South Africa (E Cape)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2acd+4acd; B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)

Encephalartos turneri Lavranos & D.L.Goode, Garcia de Orta, Ser. Bot. 7(1-2): 11-14. (1988).

Type Location(s): HT:LISC; IT:LISC, LMU, SRGH

Distribution: Mozambique (Nampula)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Encephalartos umbeluziensis R.A.Dyer, Fl. Pl. Africa 28: pl. 1100. (1951).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE; IT:GRA, M, NBG, NH

Distribution: Eswatini, Mozambique

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v); C1

Encephalartos villosus Lem., Ill. Hort. 14, misc.: 79-80; 15. (1867).

Type Location(s): ?

Distribution: Eswatini, South Africa (E Cape, KwaZulu-Natal)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Encephalartos whitelockii P.J.H.Hurter, Phytologia 78(6): 410-411, fig. 3. (1995).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE

Distribution: Uganda (Western)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)

Encephalartos woodii Sander, Gard. Chron., ser. 3 43: 257. (1908).

Type Location(s): NT: Gard. Chron., ser. 3 44: 2nd Supplementary Illustration

Distribution: South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Extinct in the Wild

Lepidozamia hopei Regel, Gartenflora 25: 6. (1876).

Type Location(s): ?

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Lepidozamia peroffskyana Regel, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 30(1): 184-185, fig. 21. (1857).

Type Location(s): HT:LE

Distribution: Australia (New South Wales, Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Macrozamia cardiacensis P.I.Forst. & D.L.Jones, Fl. Australia 48: 717. (1998).

Type Location(s): HT:BRI

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable D2

Macrozamia communis L.A.S.Johnson, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, ser. 2, 84(1): 98. (1959).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Australia (New South Wales)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Macrozamia concinna D.L.Jones, Fl. Australia 48: 718. (1998).

Type Location(s): HT:BRI

Distribution: Australia (New South Wales)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Macrozamia conferta D.L.Jones & P.I.Forst., Austrobaileya 4(2): 271-273, fig. 1. (1994).

Type Location(s): HT:BRI

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2c; B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)

Macrozamia cranei D.L.Jones & P.I.Forst., Austrobaileya 4(2): 273-275, fig. 2. (1994).

Type Location(s): HT:BRI

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered C1

Macrozamia crassifolia P.I.Forst. & D.L.Jones, Austrobaileya 4(2): 275-276, fig. 3. (1994).

Type Location(s): HT:BRI

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable B1ab(iii,v)

Macrozamia diplomera (F.Muell.) L.A.S.Johnson, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, ser. 2, 84(1): 98. (1959).

Type Location(s): BAS: Encephalartos spiralis var. diplomera

Distribution: Australia (New South Wales)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Macrozamia douglasii W.Hill ex F.M.Bailey, Syn. Queensl. Fl.: 500. (1883).

Type Location(s): LT:K

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Macrozamia dyeri (F.Muell.) C.A.Gardner, Enum. Pl. Austral. Occ.: 3. (1930).

Type Location(s): BAS: Encephalartos dyeri

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Macrozamia elegans K.D.Hill & D.L.Jones, Fl. Australia 48: 718. (1998).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Australia (New South Wales)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(v)

Macrozamia fawcettii C.Moore, J. Proc. Roy. Soc. New S. Wales 17: 120. (1884).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Australia (New South Wales)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened B1ab(v)

Macrozamia fearnsidei D.L.Jones, Austrobaileya 3(3): 481. (1991).

Type Location(s): HT:CANB

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Macrozamia flexuosa C.Moore, J. Proc. Roy. Soc. New S. Wales 17: 121. (1884).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Australia (New South Wales)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)

Macrozamia fraseri Miq., Monogr. Cycad.: 37. (1842).

Type Location(s): ?HT:MEL

Distribution: Australia (WA)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Macrozamia glaucophylla D.L.Jones, Fl. Australia 48: 718-719. (1998).

Type Location(s): HT:CANB; IT:BRI, MEL, NSW

Distribution: Australia (New South Wales)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Macrozamia heteromera C.Moore, J. Proc. Roy. Soc. New S. Wales 17: 122. (1884).

Type Location(s): LT:NSW

Distribution: Australia (New South Wales)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Macrozamia humilis D.L.Jones, Fl. Australia 48: 719. (1998).

Type Location(s): HT:CANB

Distribution: Australia (New South Wales)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered B1ab(iii)

Macrozamia johnsonii D.L.Jones & K.D.Hill, Telopea 5(1): 31. (1992).

Type Location(s): HT:CANB

Distribution: Australia (New South Wales)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)

Macrozamia lomandroides D.L.Jones, Austrobaileya 3(3): 483. (1991).

Type Location(s): HT:CANB

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2cd

Macrozamia longispina P.I.Forst. & D.L.Jones, Fl. Australia 48: 717. (1998).

Type Location(s): HT:BRI

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened B1a+2a

Macrozamia lucida L.A.S.Johnson, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, ser. 2, 84(1): 102. (1959).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Australia (New South Wales, Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Macrozamia macdonnellii (F.Muell. ex Miq.) A.DC., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 16(2): 537. (1868).

Type Location(s): BAS: Encephalartos macdonnellii

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Macrozamia machinii P.I.Forst. & D.L.Jones, Austrobaileya 4(2): 276. (1994).

Type Location(s): HT:BRI

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)

Macrozamia macleayi Miq., Arch. Néerl. Sci. Exact. Nat. 3: 250. (1868).

Type Location(s): ?HT:U

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Macrozamia miquelii (F.Muell.) A.DC., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 16(2): 535. (1868).

Type Location(s): BAS: Encephalartos miquelii

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Macrozamia montana K.D.Hill, Fl. Australia 48: 717. (1998).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Australia (New South Wales)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Macrozamia moorei F.Muell., Australas. Chem. Druggist 4: 84. (1881).

Type Location(s): ?HT:MEL

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened A2c

Macrozamia mountperriensis F.M.Bailey, Syn. Queensl. Fl. Suppl. 1: 50. (1886).

Type Location(s): NT:CANB

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Macrozamia occidua D.L.Jones & P.I.Forst., Austrobaileya 4(2): 278, fig. 5. (1994).

Type Location(s): HT:BRI

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable D2

Macrozamia parcifolia P.I.Forst. & D.L.Jones, Austrobaileya 4(2): 279-281, fig. 6. (1994).

Type Location(s): HT:BRI

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)

Macrozamia pauli-guilielmi W.Hill & F.Muell., Fragm. (Mueller) 1(4): 86. (1859).

Type Location(s): HT:MEL

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2cd

Macrozamia platyrhachis F.M.Bailey, Queensland Agric. J. 3: 356. (1898).

Type Location(s): HT:BRI

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)

Macrozamia plurinervia (L.A.S.Johnson) D.L.Jones, Austrobaileya 3(3): 484. (1991).

Type Location(s): BAS: M. pauli-guilielmi subsp. plurinervia

Distribution: Australia (New South Wales, Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(ii,iii,v)+2ab(ii,iii,v)

Macrozamia polymorpha D.L.Jones, Fl. Australia 48: 718. (1998).

Type Location(s): HT:CANB;IT:BRI,MEL,NSW

Distribution: Australia (New South Wales)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Macrozamia reducta K.D.Hill & D.L.Jones, Fl. Australia 48: 718. (1998).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Australia (New South Wales)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Macrozamia riedlei (Fisch. ex Gaudich.) C.A.Gardner, Enum. Pl. Austral. Occ.: 3. (1930).

Type Location(s): BAS: Cycas riedlei

Distribution: Australia (WA)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Macrozamia secunda C.Moore, J. Proc. Roy. Soc. New S. Wales 17: 120. (1884).

Type Location(s): LT:MEL

Distribution: Australia (New South Wales)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable B2ab(iii,v)

Macrozamia serpentina D.L.Jones & P.I.Forst., Austrobaileya 6(1): 90-92, figs. 20-21. (2001).

Type Location(s): HT:BRI

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened B1b(iii)

Macrozamia spiralis (Salisb.) Miq., Monogr. Cycad.: 36. (1842).

Type Location(s): BAS: Z. spiralis

Distribution: Australia (New South Wales)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2c

Macrozamia stenomera L.A.S.Johnson, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, ser. 2, 84(1): 106. (1959).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Distribution: Australia (New South Wales)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened B1b(v)

Macrozamia viridis D.L.Jones & P.I.Forst., Austrobaileya 4(2): 281-283, fig. 7. (1994).

Type Location(s): HT:BRI

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)

Microcycas calocoma (Miq.) A.DC., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 16(2): 538. (1868).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia calocoma

Distribution: Cuba (Pinar del Río)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered C2a(i)

Stangeria eriopus (Kunze) Baill., Hist. Pl. (Baillon) 12: 68, in adnot.. (1892).

Type Location(s): BAS: Lomaria eriopus

Distribution: South Africa (E Cape, KwaZulu-Natal)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2acd+4acd

Zamia acuminata Oerst. ex Dyer, Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 3: 194. (1884).

Type Location(s): HT:C

Distribution: Costa Rica (San José)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)

Zamia amazonum D.W.Stev., Fl. Colombia (1983+) 21: 33, fig. 3. (2001).

Type Location(s): HT:INPA, I:COL, MO, NY, U

Distribution: Brazil (Amazonas), Colombia, (Amazonas, Vaupés), Ecuador (Morona-Santiago, Napo, Sucumbíos), Peru (Loreto), S Venezuela

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Zamia amplifolia W.Bull ex Mast., Gard. Chron., n.s., 10(261): 810. (1878).

Type Location(s): LT:K; ILT:K

Distribution: Colombia (Valle del Cauca)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)

Zamia angustifolia Jacq., Collectanea [Jacquin] 3: 263-265. (1791).

Type Location(s): NT:pl. 636 in Icon. Pl. Rar. [Jacquin] 3, 1792

Distribution: Bahamas (Eleuthera), Cuba (Guantánamo, Oriente, Santiago de Cuba)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2c

Zamia boliviana (Brongn.) A.DC., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 16(2): 540. (1868).

Type Location(s): BAS: Ceratozamia boliviana

Distribution: Bolivia (El Beni, Cochabamba, Santa Cruz), Brazil (Mato Grosso)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Zamia brasiliensis Calonje & Segalla, Phytotaxa 404 (1): 1-11. (2019).

Type Location(s): HT:UFMT;IT:INPA

Distribution: Brazil (Mato Grosso, Rondônia)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Zamia chigua Seem., Bot. Voy. Herald 6: 201-203, t. 43. (1854).

Type Location(s): LT:t. 43

Distribution: Colombia (Chocó, Valle del Cauca)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened B1b(iii)+2b(iii)

Zamia cremnophila Vovides, Schutzman & Dehgan, Bot. Gaz. 149(3): 351. (1988).

Type Location(s): HT:MEXU; I:CSAT, FCME, MO, UAMIZ, XAL

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Tabasco)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(v)

Zamia cunaria Dressler & D.W.Stev., Brittonia 45(1): 5-6, fig. 2. (1993).

Type Location(s): HT:NY; IT:F,FTG,K,MO,NY,PMA,U

Distribution: Panama (Colón, Panamá, Kuna de Wargandi, Kuna Yala)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(iii,v)

Zamia decumbens Calonje, Meerman, M.P.Griff. & Hoese, J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 3(1): 31-41, figs. 1-3. (2009).

Type Location(s): HT:BRH; IT:FTG, MO, NY, XAL

Distribution: Belize (Cayo, Stann Creek, Toledo)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(v)+2ab(v); C2a(i)

Zamia disodon D.W.Stev. & Sabato, Fl. Colombia (1983+) 21: 38-40, fig. 4. (2001).

Type Location(s): HT:COL; IT:NY

Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v); C2a(i)

Zamia dressleri D.W.Stev., Brittonia 45(1): 6, fig. 3. (1993).

Type Location(s): HT:NY; IT:FTG, MO, NY, PMA, U

Distribution: Panama (Colón, Kuna Yala)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(iii,v)

Zamia elegantissima Schutzman, Vovides & R.S.Adams, Phytologia 85(6): 389 (1998 publ. 21 Aug. 2003). (2003).

Type Location(s): HT:MO; IT:PMA

Distribution: Panama (Colón, Kuna Yala)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(iii,v)

Zamia encephalartoides D.W.Stev., Fl. Colombia (1983+) 21: 40-42, fig. 5. (2001).

Type Location(s): HT:COL; IT:NY, U

Distribution: Colombia (Santander)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)

Zamia erosa O.F.Cook & G.N.Collins, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 8(2): 267. (1903).

Type Location(s): NT:NA

Distribution: Cuba, Jamaica, Puerto Rico

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable C1

Zamia fairchildiana L.D.Gómez, Phytologia 50(6): 401-404. (1982).

Type Location(s): LT:USJ

Distribution: Costa Rica (Puntarenas, San José), Panama (Chiriquí)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened C1

Zamia fischeri Miq., Hort. Vanhoutt. 1(1): 20. (1845).

Type Location(s): NT:U

Distribution: Mexico (Hidalgo, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A4cd

Zamia furfuracea L.f., Hort. Kew. [W. Aiton] 3: 477. (1789).

Type Location(s): LT:pl. 210 in Herm. Parad. Bat., 1698

Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(v)

Zamia gentryi Dodson, Novon 8(1): 12-14, fig. 1a-f. (1998).

Type Location(s): HT:QCNE; LT:AAU, MO, NY, RPSC, SEL

Distribution: Ecuador (Carchi, Esmeraldas)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)

Zamia gomeziana R.H.Acuña, Brenesia 73-74: 29-33, fig. 1. (2010).

Type Location(s): HT:CR; IT:INB

Distribution: Costa Rica (Limón)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened B2a

Zamia grijalvensis Pérez-Farr., Vovides & Mart.-Camilo, Nordic J. Bot. 30(5): 565-570. (2012).

Type Location(s): HT:HEM; IT:MEXU, MO, XAL

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered B1ab(iii,v)

Zamia hamannii A.S.Taylor, J.L.Haynes & Holzman, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 158(3): 399-429, figs. 6, 7a, 8a. (2008).

Type Location(s): HT:PMA; IT:MO, NY, US, XAL

Distribution: Panama (Bocas del Toro)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable D1+2

Zamia herrerae S.Calderón & Standl., J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 14(4): 93-94, fig. 1. (1924).

Type Location(s): HT:US

Distribution: El Salvador (Sonsonate), Guatemala (Quetzaltenango Retalhuleu, Santa Rosa, Suchitepéquez), Mexico (Chiapas)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable B1ab(iii,v)

Zamia huilensis Calonje, H.E.Esquivel & D.W.Stev., Caldasia 34(2): 283-290. (2012).

Type Location(s): HT:TOLI; IT:COL, CUVC, FAUC, HUA, HUAZ, HUQ, JAUM, SURCO, TOLI

Distribution: Colombia (Huila)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)

Zamia hymenophyllidia D.W.Stev., Fl. Colombia (1983+) 21: 43-44, fig. 6. (2001).

Type Location(s): HT:COAH; IT:NY

Distribution: Colombia (Amazonas), Peru (Loreto)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Zamia imbricata Calonje & J.Castro, Phytotaxa 497(1): 5-9, figs. 3-5. (2021).

Type Location(s): HT: HUA; IT: FAUC

Distribution: Colombia (Caldas)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Zamia imperialis A.S.Taylor, J.L.Haynes & Holzman, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 158(3): 399-429, figs. 7c, 8c, 11. (2008).

Type Location(s): HT:PMA

Distribution: Panama (Coclé, Colón, Panamá, Veraguas)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(iii,v); C2a(i)

Zamia incognita A.Lindstr. & Idárraga, Phytotaxa 2: 29-34, figs. 1-3. (2009).

Type Location(s): HT:HUA; IT:JAUM

Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Caldas, Santander)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B2ab(iii,v)

Zamia inermis Vovides, J.D.Rees & Vázq.Torres, Fl. Veracruz 26: 22-24, fig. 3. (1983).

Type Location(s): HT:XAL

Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2acd+4acd; B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)

Zamia integrifolia L.f., Hort. Kew. [W. Aiton] 3: 478. (1789).

Type Location(s): HT:BM

Distribution: Bahamas, Cayman Islands, Cuba, United States (Florida, Georgia)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened A2ad

Zamia integrifolia var. integrifolia , Phytologia 98(3): 174. (2016).

Type Location(s): AUT

Distribution: United States (Florida_)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Zamia integrifolia var. umbrosa (Small) D.B.Ward, Phytologia 98(3): 174. (2016).

Type Location(s): BAS: Z. umbrosa

Distribution: United States (Florida)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Zamia ipetiensis D.W.Stev., Brittonia 45(1): 7-9, fig. 4. (1993).

Type Location(s): HT:NY; IT:FTG,MO,NY,PMA,U

Distribution: Panama (Panamá, Kuna Yala)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)

Zamia katzeriana (Regel) E.Rettig, Gartenflora 45: 148-149, fig. 31. (1896).

Type Location(s): BAS: Ceratozamia katzeriana

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered B1ab(iii,v)

Zamia lacandona Schutzman & Vovides, Novon 8(4): 441-446, figs. 1-3. (1998).

Type Location(s): HT:FLAS; IT:XAL

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2cd

Zamia lawsoniana Dyer, Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 3: 195. (1884).

Type Location(s): HT:OXF; IT:K

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Zamia lecointei Ducke, Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 1: 9-10, pls 1-2. (1915).

Type Location(s): HT:MG

Distribution: Brazil (Pará), Colombia (Amazonas), Venezuela (Amazonas)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Zamia lindenii Regel ex André, Ill. Hort. 22: 23, pl. 195. (1875).

Type Location(s): LT:planche 195, ET:K

Distribution: Ecuador (Azuay, Bolivar, Chimborazo, El Oro, Esmeraldas, Guayas, Los Ríos, Manabi, Pichincha), Peru (Tumbes)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B2ab(iii)

Zamia lindleyi Warsz., Allg. Gartenzeitung 19: 145-146, fig. s.n.. (1851).

Type Location(s): LT:icone s.n.

Distribution: Panama (Bocas del Toro, Chiriquí)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(v)+2ab(v)

Zamia lindosensis D.W.Stev., D.Cárdenas & N.Castaño, Brittonia 70(3): 364 [epublished 19 Jun 2018]. (2018).

Type Location(s): HT:COAH

Distribution: Colombia (Guaviare)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Zamia loddigesii Miq., Tijdschr. Natuurl. Gesch. Physiol. 10: 72-73. (1843).

Type Location(s): LT:U

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Hidalgo, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened A4ac

Zamia lucayana Britton, Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 5(18): 311. (1907).

Type Location(s): HT:NY

Distribution: Bahamas (Abaco, Long Island)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered B1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii)

Zamia macrochiera D.W.Stev., Cycad Classific. Concepts & Recommend.: 185-186, fig. 14.7. (2004).

Type Location(s): HT:NY; IT: FTG, MO, U

Distribution: Colombia (Amazonas), Peru (Loreto)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)

Zamia magnifica Pérez-Farr., Gut.Ortega & Calonje, Taxonomy 3(2): 232-249 (237, figs. 4-10). (2023).

Type Location(s): HT:HEM;IT:XAL,MEXU

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Zamia manicata Linden ex Regel, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4(4): 310, t. 926, fig. e. (1876).

Type Location(s): LT:t. 926, fig. e in Gartenflora 27, 1878

Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Chocó), Panama (Darién)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened B1b(iii)+2b(iii)

Zamia meermanii Calonje, J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 3(1): 23-29, figs. 1-2. (2009).

Type Location(s): HT:BRH; IT:FTG, MO, NY, XAL

Distribution: Belize (Belize, Cayo, Toledo)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)

Zamia melanorrhachis D.W.Stev., Fl. Colombia (1983+)21: 55, fig. 11. (2001).

Type Location(s): HT:COL

Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Bolivar, Córdoba, Santander)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B2ab(iii,v)

Zamia montana A.Braun, Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin: 376-377. (1875).

Type Location(s): NT:NY; INT:COL, HUA, MO

Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Risaralda)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered B1ab(iii,v)

Zamia monticola Chamb., Bot. Gaz. 81(2): 219, 223, figs. 1-3. (1926).

Type Location(s): HT:MO

Distribution: Guatemala (Alta Verapaz)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2cd+4cd

Zamia multidentata Calonje, Segalla & R.S.Pimenta, Phytotaxa 598(1): 21-31(22; figs. 1-3). (2023).

Type Location(s): HT:RB;IT:INPA,UFACPZ,UFMT

Distribution: Brazil (Acre)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Zamia muricata Willd., Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 4: 847-848. (1806).

Type Location(s): HT:B-W

Distribution: Colombia (La Guajira), Venezuela (Aragua, Carabobo, Falcón, Lara, Yaracuy)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Zamia nana A.Lindstr., Calonje, D.W.Stev. & A.S.Taylor, Phytotaxa 98(2): 27–42, figs. 6-7. (2013).

Type Location(s): HT:PMA; I:F, FTG, K, MO, NY, U

Distribution: Panama (Coclé)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2cd+4cd; B1ab(i,iii,v)

Zamia nesophila A.S.Taylor, J.L.Haynes & Holzman, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 158(3): 399-429, figs. 7b, 8b, 10. (2008).

Type Location(s): HT:PMA

Distribution: Panama (Bocas del Toro)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2acde+4acde; B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)

Zamia neurophyllidia D.W.Stev., Brittonia 45(1): 10, fig. 5. (1993).

Type Location(s): HT:PMA

Distribution: Costa Rica, Nicaragua (Río San Juan, Atlántico Sur), Panama (Bocas del Toro)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Zamia obliqua A.Braun, Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin: 376. (1875).

Type Location(s): NT:BM

Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Chocó, Valle del Cauca), Costa Rica (Puntarenas), Panama (Colón, Darién, Panamá Oeste)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Zamia oligodonta E.Calderón & D.W.Stev., Revista Acad. Colomb. Ci. Exact. 27(105): 486-490. (2003).

Type Location(s): HT:FMB

Distribution: Colombia (Risaralda)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered B1ab(iii)

Zamia onan-reyesii C.Nelson & Sandoval, Ceiba 49(1): 135-136, figs. 1-6. (2008).

Type Location(s): HT:TEFH

Distribution: Honduras (Cortés)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)

Zamia oreillyi C.Nelson, Ceiba 46(1): 42, figs. 11-13. (2007).

Type Location(s): HT:TEFH

Distribution: Honduras (Atlántida)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2acd+3cd+4acd; C2a(ii)

Zamia orinoquiensis Calonje, Betancur & A.Lindstr., Phytotaxa 556 (2): 119–135, figs. 3-5. (2022).

Type Location(s): HT: HUA, IT: COAH, COL, FMB, HUA, JAUM

Distribution: Colombia (Casanare, Cundinamarca, Meta)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Zamia paucifoliolata Calonje, Phytotaxa 385(2): 85-93. 2018 [epublished 27 Dec 2018]. (2018).

Type Location(s): HT:HUA

Distribution: Colombia (Valle del Cauca)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Zamia paucijuga Wieland, Amer. Foss. Cycads 2: 212, fig. 86. (1916).

Type Location(s): LT:fig. 86; ET:XAL

Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacán, Nayarit, Oaxaca)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened A2c

Zamia poeppigiana Mart. & Eichler, Fl. Bras. (Martius) 4(1): 414-416, t. 109. (1863).

Type Location(s): LT:F

Distribution: Brazil (Acre), Peru (Amazonas, Huánuco, Loreto, Pasco, San Martin, Ucayali)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Zamia portoricensis Urb., Symb. Antill. 1(2): 291. (1899).

Type Location(s): IT:NY, S

Distribution: Puerto Rico

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)

Zamia prasina W.Bull, Retail List [Bull]: No. 176: 20. (1881).

Type Location(s): LT:K

Distribution: Belize (Belize, Cayo, Orange Walk, Stann Creek, Toledo), Guatemala (Petén), Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Tabasco, Quintana Roo, Yucatán)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Zamia pseudomonticola L.D.Gómez ex D.W.Stev. & Sabato, Taxon 35(1): 141. (1986).

Type Location(s): HT:CR

Distribution: Costa Rica (Puntarenas), Panama (Chiriquí)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Zamia pseudoparasitica J.Yates, Bot. Voy. Herald 6: 201-203, 253. (1854).

Type Location(s): HT:BM

Distribution: Panama (Bocas del Toro, Coclé, Colón, Veraguas)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened C1

Zamia pumila L., Sp. Pl., ed. 2. 2: 1659. (1763).

Type Location(s): LT: t. 58 in Horti Med. Amstelod 1, 1697

Distribution: Cuba, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable A2acd

Zamia purpurea Vovides, J.D.Rees & Vázq.Torres, Fl. Veracruz 26: 28-31, fig. 5. (1983).

Type Location(s): HT:XAL

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca, Veracruz)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A4cd

Zamia pygmaea Sims, Bot. Mag. 42: t.1741. (1815).

Type Location(s): HT:BM

Distribution: Cuba (W Cuba, Isla de la Juventud)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(ii,iii,iv,v)+2ab(ii,iii,iv,v)

Zamia pyrophylla Calonje, D.W.Stev. & A.Lindstr., Brittonia 62(1): 80-85, figs. 1-2. (2010).

Type Location(s): HT:CHOCO

Distribution: Colombia (Chocó)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered B1ab(iii,v)

Zamia restrepoi (D.W.Stev.) A.Lindstr., Taxon 58(1): 268. (2009).

Type Location(s): BAS: Chigua restrepoi

Distribution: Colombia (Córdoba)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2ac+4ac; B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v); C2a(ii)

Zamia roezlii Linden, Cat. General 90: 10. (1873).

Type Location(s): HT:K

Distribution: Colombia (Chocó, Nariño, Valle del Cauca), Ecuador (Esmeraldas, Imbabura)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Zamia sandovalii C.Nelson, Ceiba 46(1): 41-42, figs. 1-10. (2007).

Type Location(s): HT:TEFH

Distribution: Honduras (Atlántida)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A3cd; B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)+2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)

Zamia sinuensis Calonje & J.Castro, Phytotaxa 497(1): 9, 11-14, figs. 7-9. (2021).

Type Location(s): HT:HUA

Distribution: Colombia (Córdoba)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Zamia skinneri Warsz., Allg. Gartenzeitung 19: 146, fig. s.n.. (1851).

Type Location(s): LT:fig. s.n.

Distribution: Panama (Bocas del Toro)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2cd+4cd

Zamia soconuscensis Schutzman, Vovides & Dehgan, Bot. Gaz. 149(3): 347-351, figs. 1-3. (1988).

Type Location(s): HT:F

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(iii,v)

Zamia spartea A.DC., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 16(2): 539. (1868).

Type Location(s): HT:G-DC

Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2ad

Zamia splendens Schutzman, Phytologia 55(5): 299-303. (1984).

Type Location(s): HT:NY; IT:FLAS, FTG, MEXU

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Tabasco, Veracruz)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(iii,v)

Zamia standleyi Schutzman, Syst. Bot. 14(2): 214-219, figs. 1-2. (1989).

Type Location(s): HT:FLAS

Distribution: Guatemala (Izabal), Honduras (Atlántida, Colón, Cortés, Olancho, Santa Barbara, Yoro)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Zamia stenophyllidia Nic.-Mor., Mart.-Domínguez & D.W.Stev., Nordic J. Bot. 37(9)-e02430: 1-11, figs. 3, 4. (2019).

Type Location(s): HT:IBUG

Distribution: Mexico (Michoacán)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Not Evaluated

Zamia stevensonii A.S.Taylor & Holzman, Bot. Rev. (Lancaster) 78(4): 335-344, figs. 1-4. (2012).

Type Location(s): HT:PMA

Distribution: Panama (Panamá)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)

Zamia stricta Miq., Nieuwe Verh. Eerste Kl. Kon. Ned. Inst. Wetensch. Amsterdam 3(4): 183. (1851).

Type Location(s): HT:U

Distribution: Cuba (Songo - La Maya)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Vulnerable D2

Zamia tolimensis Calonje, H.E.Esquivel & D.W.Stev., Brittonia 63(4): 442-451 , figs. 1-2. (2011).

Type Location(s): HT:TOLI; IT:CAUP, CHOCO, COUH, COL, CUVC, FAUC, HUA, HUQ, JAUM

Distribution: Colombia (Tolima)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)

Zamia tuerckheimii Donn.Sm., Bot. Gaz. 35(1): 8, pl. 1. (1903).

Type Location(s): HT:US

Distribution: Guatemala (Alta Verapaz)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Near Threatened B1b(v)

Zamia ulei Dammer, Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 48: 117-118. (1907).

Type Location(s): LT:HBG

Distribution: Bolivia (Pando), Brazil (Acre, Amazonas, Rondônia), Colombia (Amazonas, Caquetá, Guainía, Putumayo, Vaupés), Ecuador (Napo, Pastaza, Sucumbíos), Peru (Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Least Concern

Zamia urep B.Walln., Linzer Biol. Beitr. 28(2): 1056. (1996).

Type Location(s): HT:W

Distribution: Peru (Huánuco)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered B2ab(iii)

Zamia variegata Warsz., Allg. Gartenzeitung 32: 253. (1845).

Type Location(s): NT:NY

Distribution: Belize (Toledo), Guatemala (Alta Verapaz, Izabal), Mexico (Chiapas)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Endangered A2cd+4cd

Zamia vazquezii D.W.Stev., Sabato & De Luca, Delpinoa 37-38: 9-17 , figs. 1-4 (1995–96 issued 1998). (1998).

Type Location(s): HT:NY

Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered A2cd; B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)+2ab(i,ii,iii,v); C2a(i); D

Zamia wallisii A.Braun, Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin: 376. (1875).

Type Location(s): LT:S

Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia)

IUCN Red List Conservation Status: Critically Endangered B1ab(iii,v)

Aulacophyllum lindenii (Regel ex André) Regel, Gartenflora 25: 141. (1876).

Type Location(s): BAS: Z. lindenii

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia lindenii Regel ex André

Aulacophyllum montanum (A.Braun) Regel, Gartenflora 25: 141. (1876).

Type Location(s): BAS: Z. montana

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia montana A.Braun

Aulacophyllum ortgiesii Regel, Gartenflora 25: 141. (1876).

Type Location(s): HT:LE

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia chigua Seem.

Aulacophyllum roezlii (Linden) Regel, Gartenflora 25: 141. (1876).

Type Location(s): BAS: Z. roezlii

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia roezlii Linden

Aulacophyllum skinneri (Warsz.) Regel, Gartenflora 25: 143. (1876).

Type Location(s): BAS: Z. skinneri

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia skinneri Warsz.

Aulacophyllum wallisii (A.Braun) Regel, Gartenflora 25: 143. (1876).

Type Location(s): BAS: Z. wallisii

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia wallisii A.Braun

Bowenia spectabilis var. serrata F.M.Bailey, Syn. Queensl. Fl.: 501. (1883).

Type Location(s): IT:K

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Bowenia serrulata (W.Bull) Chamb.

Bowenia spectabilis var. serrulata W.Bull, Retail List [Bull] No. 143: 4, t. 5. (1878).

Type Location(s): LT: Retail List [Bull] No. 143: t. 5

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Bowenia serrulata (W.Bull) Chamb.

Bowenia spectabilis var. serrulata André, Ill. Hort. 26: 184, pl. 366. (1880).

Bowenia spectabilis var. spectabilis , Retail List [Bull] No. 143: 4. (1878).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Bowenia spectabilis Hook. ex Hook.f.

Catakidozamia hopei W.Hill, Gard. Chron. 22(47): 1107. (1865).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Lepidozamia hopei Regel

Ceratozamia boliviana Brongn., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 3, 5: 9. (1846).

Type Location(s): LT:P; ILT:P, W

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia boliviana (Brongn.) A.DC.

Ceratozamia intermedia Miq., Tijdschr. Wis- Natuurk. Wetensch. Eerste Kl. Kon. Ned. Inst. Wetensch. 1(1): 40-41. (1847).

Type Location(s): NT:XAL

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Ceratozamia mexicana Brongn.

Ceratozamia katzeriana Regel, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4(4): 298. (1876).

Type Location(s): LT:LE

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia katzeriana (Regel) E.Rettig

Ceratozamia longifolia Miq., Tijdschr. Wis- Natuurk. Wetensch. Eerste Kl. Kon. Ned. Inst. Wetensch. 1(1): 40. (1847).

Type Location(s): NT: MO; INT: US

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Ceratozamia mexicana Brongn.

Ceratozamia longifolia var. minor Miq., Tijdschr. Wis- Natuurk. Wetensch. Eerste Kl. Kon. Ned. Inst. Wetensch. 2(4): 290. (1849).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Ceratozamia mexicana Brongn.

Ceratozamia martinezii Mart.-Domínguez, Nic.-Mor. & D.W.Stev., Nordic J. Bot. e03348: 1-11, figs. 2-5. (2021).

Type Location(s): HT:CIB; IT:MEXU, NY

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Ceratozamia aurantiaca Pérez-Farr., Gut.Ortega, J.L.Haynes & Vovides

Ceratozamia mexicana f. fuscoviridis (Bull) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 132. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Ceratozamia fuscoviridis W.Bull

Ceratozamia mexicana f. tenuis (Dyer) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 132. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Ceratozamia tenuis (Dyer) D.W.Stev. & Vovides

Ceratozamia mexicana var. latifolia (Miq.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 131. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Ceratozamia latifolia Miq.

Ceratozamia mexicana var. longifolia (Miq.) Dyer, Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 3: 193. (1884).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. longifolia

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Ceratozamia mexicana Brongn.

Ceratozamia mexicana var. mexicana , Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 3: 193. (1884).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Ceratozamia mexicana Brongn.

Ceratozamia mexicana var. miqueliana (H.Wendl.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 131. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Ceratozamia miqueliana H.Wendl.

Ceratozamia mexicana var. robusta (Miq.) Dyer, Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 3: 193. (1884).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. robusta

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Ceratozamia robusta Miq.

Ceratozamia mexicana var. tenuis Dyer, Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 3: 193. (1884).

Type Location(s): LT:K

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Ceratozamia tenuis (Dyer) D.W.Stev. & Vovides

Ceratozamia mexicana var. vulgaris J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 131. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Ceratozamia microstrobila Vovides & J.D.Rees, Madroño 30(1): 39-42. (1983).

Type Location(s): HT:XAL

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Ceratozamia latifolia Miq.

Chigua bernalii D.W.Stev., Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 57: 169-172, fig. 1i. (1990).

Type Location(s): HT:COL; IT:FTG

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia restrepoi (D.W.Stev.) A.Lindstr.

Chigua restrepoi D.W.Stev., Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 57: 169-172, figs. 1a-h. (1990).

Type Location(s): HT:COL; IT:FTG, NY

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia restrepoi (D.W.Stev.) A.Lindstr.

Cycas acuminatissima Hung T.Chang, Y.C.Zhong & Z.F.Lu, Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatseni 37(4): 6. (1998).

Type Location(s): HT:SYS

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas segmentifida D.Yue Wang & C.Y.Deng

Cycas afra Thunb., Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. 2: 283-288, t. 5. (1775).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos afer (Thunb.) Lehm.

Cycas andamanica K.Prassad, M.V.Ramana, Sanjappa & B.R.P.Rao, Int. J. Innov. Sci. Res. 4 (1): 473-476. (2015).

Type Location(s): H—CAL

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas pschannae R.C.Srivast. & L.J.Singh

Cycas arnhemica subsp. arnhemica , Telopea 7(1): 43-44. (1996).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas arnhemica K.D.Hill

Cycas arnhemica subsp. muninga Chirgwin & K.D.Hill, Telopea 7(1): 44-46, fig. 20. (1996).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW; IT:BRl, CANB, DNA, K, MEL, PERTH

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas arnhemica K.D.Hill

Cycas arnhemica subsp. natja K.D.Hill, Telopea 7(1): 46-47, fig. 21. (1996).

Type Location(s): HT:DNA

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas arnhemica K.D.Hill

Cycas baguanheensis L.K.Fu & S.Z.Cheng, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 19(3): 337. (1981).

Type Location(s): HT:PE

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas panzhihuaensis L.Zhou & S.Y.Yang

Cycas baiseensis Y.Y.Huang, Y.C.Zhong & Z.F.Lu, in Yang, Y., Wang, Z.H. & Xu, X.-T., Taxon. & Distrib. Global Gymnosp.: 65. (2017).

Type Location(s): HT:SZECH

Cycas bellefontii L.Linden & Rodigas, Ill. Hort. 33: 27, pl. 586. (1886).

Type Location(s): NT:pl. 586

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Cycas brevipinnata Hung T.Chang, Y.Y.Huang & Y.C.Zhong, Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatseni 37(4): 8. (1998).

Type Location(s): HT:SYS

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas sexseminifera F.N.Wei

Cycas canalis subsp. canalis , Telopea 5(4): 698-700, fig. 4a-d. (1994).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas canalis K.D.Hill

Cycas canalis subsp. carinata K.D.Hill, Telopea 5(4) : 699-700, fig. 4e-g. (1994).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas canalis K.D.Hill

Cycas celebica Miq., Bull. Sci. Phys. Nat. Néerl. 1839: 45. (1839).

Type Location(s): LT:tt. 20-21 Rumphius Herb. Amb. 1741

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas rumphii Miq.

Cycas chamberlainii W.H.Br. & Kienholz, Philipp. J. Sci. 26: 47-48, pls 1-2, fig. 1. (1925).

Type Location(s): HT:NY

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas riuminiana Porte ex Regel

Cycas circinalis f. circinalis , Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 66. (1932).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas circinalis L.

Cycas circinalis f. glauca (Miq.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 66. (1932).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. glauca

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas glauca Hort. ex Miq.

Cycas circinalis f. gothanii J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 66. (1932).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Cycas circinalis f. trigonocarpoides J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 74. (1932).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas thouarsii R.Br.

Cycas circinalis f. undulata (Desf. ex Gaudich.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 66. (1932).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. undulata

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas circinalis L.

Cycas circinalis subsp. circinalis , Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas 2(1): 82. (1908).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas circinalis L.

Cycas circinalis subsp. madagascariensis (Miq.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 73. (1932).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. madagascariensis

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas thouarsii R.Br.

Cycas circinalis subsp. papuana (F.Muell.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 70. (1932).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. papuana

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas papuana F.Muell.

Cycas circinalis subsp. riuminiana (Porte ex Regel) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 68. (1932).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. riuminiana

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas riuminiana Porte ex Regel

Cycas circinalis subsp. seemannii (A.Braun) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 71, 73. (1932).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. seemannii

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas seemannii A.Braun

Cycas circinalis subsp. thouarsii (R.Br.) Engl., Veg. Erde [Engler] 9(2): 82. (1908).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. thouarsii

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas thouarsii R.Br.

Cycas circinalis subsp. vera J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 66-67. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas circinalis L.

Cycas circinalis var. angustifolia Miq., Comm. Phytogr.: 119. (1840).

Type Location(s): LT:U

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas circinalis L.

Cycas circinalis var. beddomei (Dyer) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 67. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas beddomei Dyer

Cycas circinalis var. circinalis , Comm. Phytogr.: 119. (1840).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas circinalis L.

Cycas circinalis var. curranii J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 69. (1932).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. chamberlainii

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas riuminiana Porte ex Regel

Cycas circinalis var. javana Miq., Monogr. Cycad.: 28. t. 1, figs. t, u, t II, fig. e1. (1842).

Type Location(s): HT:L

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas javana (Miq.) de Laub. ex D.Yue Wang

Cycas circinalis var. orixensis Haines, Bot. Bihar Orissa 6: 1228. (1924).

Type Location(s): LT:K

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas orixensis (Haines) Rita Singh & Khuraijam

Cycas circinalis var. pectinata (Buch.-Ham.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 68. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas pectinata Buch.-Ham.

Cycas circinalis var. scratchleyana (F.Muell.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 70. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas scratchleyana F.Muell.

Cycas clivicola subsp. clivicola , Brittonia 51(1): 64. (1999).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas clivicola K.D.Hill

Cycas clivicola subsp. lutea K.D.Hill, Brittonia 51(1): 64, fig. 8e,f,i. (1999).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas clivicola K.D.Hill

Cycas comorensis Bruant, Cat. Gén. 195: 5. (1888).

Type Location(s): H—P

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas thouarsii R.Br.

Cycas crassipes Hung T.Chang, Y.C.Zhong & Z.F.Lu, Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatseni 38(3): 121–122. (1999).

Type Location(s): HT:SYS

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas segmentifida D.Yue Wang & C.Y.Deng

Cycas darshii R.C.Srivast. & Jana, Indian J. Pl. Sci. [Jaipur] 3(2): 151-153, t. II. (2014).

Type Location(s): H—CAL

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas sphaerica Roxb.

Cycas dilatata Griff., Not. Pl. Asiat. 4 (1): 15. (1854).

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Cycas fairylakea D.Yue Wang, in Cycads in China (eds. F.X. Wang & H.B. Liang) : 54. (1996).

Type Location(s): HT:SZG

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas szechuanensis W.C.Cheng & L.K.Fu

Cycas gracilis Miq., Verslagen Meded. Afd. Natuurk. Kon. Akad. Wetensch. 15: 366-367. (1863).

Type Location(s): HT:U

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas media R.Br. subsp. media

Cycas gracilis Y.Y.Huang, Y.C.Zhong & Z.F.Lu, J. Pl. Genet. Resources 9(4): 525-527. (2008).

Type Location(s): HT:SYS

Cycas gracilis var. glauca Regel, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4(4): 282. (1876).

Type Location(s): HT:LE

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas media R.Br. subsp. media

Cycas gracilis var. gracilis , Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4(4): 282. (1876).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas media R.Br. subsp. media

Cycas gracilis var. viridis Regel, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4(4): 282. (1876).

Type Location(s): LT:LE

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas media R.Br. subsp. media

Cycas hainanensis C.J.Chen, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 13(4): 82, t. 2, figs. 5-6. (1975).

Type Location(s): HT:PE; IT:IBSC

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas taiwaniana Carruth.

Cycas hainanensis subsp. changjiangensis (N.Liu) N.Liu, Proc. Sixth Int. Conf. Cycad Biol.: 3. (2004).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. changjiangensis

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas changjiangensis N.Liu

Cycas hainanensis subsp. hainanensis , Proc. Sixth Int. Conf. Cycad Biol.: 3. (2004).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas taiwaniana Carruth.

Cycas hypoleuca C.Presl., Epimel. Bot.: 238. (1851).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Cycas immersa Craib, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1912(10): 434-435. (1912).

Type Location(s): HT:K; IT:BM

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas siamensis Miq.

Cycas jenkinsiana Griff., Not. Pl. Asiat. 4: 9-10, pl. 360, figs. 1-2, pl. 362, fig. 1. (1854).

Type Location(s): HT:K; IT:BM, L

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas pectinata Buch.-Ham.

Cycas kennedyana F.Muell., Australas. Chem. Druggist: 16. (1882).

Type Location(s): HT:MEL

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas media R.Br. subsp. media

Cycas lingshuiensis G.A.Fu, Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 24(4): 387-388. (2004).

Type Location(s): HT:HFB

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas taiwaniana Carruth.

Cycas litoralis K.D.Hill, Brittonia 51(1): 70-72, fig. 11. (1999).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW; IT:BKF, K, L, PE

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas edentata de Laub.

Cycas longiconifera Hung T.Chang, Y.C.Zhong & Y.Y.Huang, Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatseni 37(4): 6. (1998).

Type Location(s): HT:SYS

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas segmentifida D.Yue Wang & C.Y.Deng

Cycas longipetiolula D.Yue Wang, in Cycads in China (eds. F.X. Wang & H.B. Liang) : 68. (1996).

Type Location(s): HT:SZG

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas bifida x c. multipinnata

Cycas longisporophylla F.N.Wei, Guihaia 17(3): 209. (1997).

Type Location(s): HT:IBK

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas sexseminifera F.N.Wei

Cycas longlinensis Hung T.Chang & Y.C.Zhong, Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatseni 36(3): 68. (1997).

Type Location(s): HT:SYS

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas guizhouensis K.M.Lan & R.F.Zou

Cycas madagascariensis Miq., Comm. Phytogr.: 127. (1840).

Type Location(s): LT:t. 2a-e Petit-Thouars, Hist. Veg., 1804

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas thouarsii R.Br.

Cycas media var. basaltica (C.A.Gardner) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 78. (1932).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. basaltica

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas basaltica C.A.Gardner

Cycas media var. furfuracea (W.Fitzg.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 78. (1932).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. furfuracea

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas furfuracea W.Fitzg.

Cycas media var. lane-poolei (C.A.Gardner) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 78. (1932).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. lane-poolei

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas lane-poolei C.A.Gardner

Cycas micholitzii var. micholitzii , Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam Soc. 24: 164. (1971).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas micholitzii Dyer

Cycas micholitzii var. simplicipinna Smitinand, Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam Soc. 24: 164, figs. 2-3, 4f. (1971).

Type Location(s): LT:BKF

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas simplicipinna (Smitinand) K.D.Hill

Cycas miquelii Warb., Monsunia 1: 179, 181. (1900).

Type Location(s): LT:U

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas revoluta Thunb.

Cycas multifida Hung T.Chang & Y.C.Zhong, Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatseni 36(3): 70. (1997).

Type Location(s): LT:U

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas segmentifida D.Yue Wang & C.Y.Deng

Cycas multiovula D.Yue Wang, in Cycads in China (eds. F.X. Wang & H.B. Liang) : 83. (1996).

Type Location(s): HT:SZG; IT: IBSC, NF

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas diannanensis Z.T.Guan & G.D.Tao

Cycas normanbyana F.Muell., Fragm. (Mueller) 8(66): 169-171, Icon. 65-66. (1874).

Type Location(s): HT:SZG

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas media R.Br. subsp. media

Cycas palmatifida Hung T.Chang, Y.Y.Huang & Y.C.Zhong, Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatseni 37(4): 7. (1998).

Type Location(s): HT:MEL

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas balansae Warb.

Cycas panshuiensis Y.Yang, in Yang, Y., Wang, Z.H. & Xu, X.-T., Taxon. & Distrib. Global Gymnosp.: 65. (2017).

Type Location(s): HT:SYS; IT: ZUAE, GXF

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas debaoensis Y.C.Zhong & C.J.Chen

Cycas parvula S.L.Yang ex D.Yue Wang, in Cycads in China (eds. F.X. Wang & H.B. Liang) : 93. (1996).

Type Location(s): HT:HWA

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas diannanensis Z.T.Guan & G.D.Tao

Cycas pectinata subsp. manhaoensis C.J.Chen & P.Yun, Acta Bot. Yunnan. 17(4): 400. (1995).

Type Location(s): LT:P

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas diannanensis Z.T.Guan & G.D.Tao

Cycas pectinata var. elongata Leandri, Fl. Indo-Chine 5(10): 1091. (1931).

Type Location(s): LT:P

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas elongata (Leandri) D.Yue Wang

Cycas pectinata var. pectinata , Fl. Indo-Chine 5(10): 1091. (1931).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas pectinata Buch.-Ham.

Cycas pygmaea Blume, Rumphia 4: 16. (1848).

Type Location(s): HT:KUN

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Cycas revoluta var. brevifrons Miq., Tijdschr. Wis- Natuurk. Wetensch. Eerste Kl. Kon. Ned. Inst. Wetensch. 1(1): 207. (1847).

Type Location(s): apparently not preserved

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas revoluta Thunb.

Cycas revoluta var. planifolia Miq., Monogr. Cycad.: 25–26. (1842).

Type Location(s): HT:U

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas revoluta Thunb.

Cycas revoluta var. prolifera Siebold & Zucc., Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 14(3): 236. (1846).

Type Location(s): apparently not preserved

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas revoluta Thunb.

Cycas revoluta var. revoluta , Monogr. Cycad.: 25–26. (1842).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas revoluta Thunb.

Cycas revoluta var. robusta Messeri, Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s., 34: 324, 327. (1927).

Type Location(s): apparently not preserved

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas revoluta Thunb.

Cycas revoluta var. taiwaniana (Carruth.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 84. (1932).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. taiwaniana

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas taiwaniana Carruth.

Cycas riedlei Fisch. ex Gaudich., Voy. Uranie, Bot.: 434. (1829).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia riedlei (Fisch. ex Gaudich.) C.A.Gardner

Cycas rumphii f. rumphii , J. Jap. Bot. 14(9): 587. (1938).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas rumphii Miq.

Cycas rumphii f. undulata (Desf. ex Gaudich.) Kaneh., J. Jap. Bot. 14(9): 587. (1938).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. undulata

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas circinalis L.

Cycas rumphii subsp. normanbyana (F.Muell.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 75. (1932).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. normanbyana

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas media R.Br. subsp. media

Cycas rumphii subsp. rumphii , Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 75. (1932).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas rumphii Miq.

Cycas rumphii subsp. zeylanica J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 75, figs. 10c-d, 11m. (1932).

Type Location(s): LT:G

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas zeylanica (J.Schust.) A.Lindstr. & K.D.Hill

Cycas rumphii var. bifida Dyer, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 560. (1902).

Type Location(s): HT:K

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas bifida (Dyer) K.D.Hill

Cycas rumphii var. rumphii , Comm. Phytogr.: 125-126. (1840).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas rumphii Miq.

Cycas rumphii var. seemannii (A.Braun) Parham, Agric. J. (Suva) 19: 94, f. 7. (1948).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. seemannii

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas seemannii A.Braun

Cycas rumphii var. subinclusa J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 75. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Cycas rumphii var. timorensis Miq., Comm. Phytogr.: 125-126. (1840).

Type Location(s): HT:L

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas glauca Hort. ex Miq.

Cycas sainathii R.C.Srivast., Indian J. Pl. Sci. [Jaipur] 3(1): 109-110, pl. 1. (2014).

Type Location(s): HT:CAL

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas zeylanica (J.Schust.) A.Lindstr. & K.D.Hill

Cycas septemsperma Hung T.Chang, Y.Y.Huang & H.X.Zheng, Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatseni 37(4): 8. (1998).

Type Location(s): HT:SYS

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas sexseminifera F.N.Wei

Cycas shanyaensis G.A.Fu, Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 26(1): 2-3, fig. 1. (2006).

Type Location(s): HT:HFB

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas taiwaniana Carruth.

Cycas shiwandashanica Hung T.Chang & Y.C.Zhong, Chin. Bull. Bot. 12: 12. (1995).

Type Location(s): HT:GXF

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas balansae Warb.

Cycas siamensis subsp. balansae (Warb.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 81. (1932).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. balansae

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas balansae Warb.

Cycas siamensis subsp. inermis (Lour.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 80. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas inermis Lour.

Cycas siamensis subsp. siamensis , Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 81. (1932).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas siamensis Miq.

Cycas spiniformis J.Y.Liang, Guihaia 17(3): 211. (1997).

Type Location(s): HT:IBK

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas sexseminifera F.N.Wei

Cycas swamyi Rita Singh & P.Radha, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 158(3): 430-435. (2008).

Type Location(s): HT:CAL

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas indica A.Lindstr. & K.D.Hill

Cycas szechuanensis subsp. fairylakea (D.Yue Wang) N.Liu, Proc. Sixth Int. Conf. Cycad Biol.: 2. (2004).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. fairylakea

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas szechuanensis W.C.Cheng & L.K.Fu

Cycas szechuanensis subsp. szechuanensis , Proc. Sixth Int. Conf. Cycad Biol.: 1-4. (2004).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas szechuanensis W.C.Cheng & L.K.Fu

Cycas tonkinensis (L.Linden & Rodigas) Rodigas, Ill. Hort. 33: 27. (1886).

Type Location(s): BAS: Z. tonkinensis

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Cycas truncata de Laub., Encephalartos 92: 17. (2007).

Type Location(s): HT:US

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas riuminiana Porte ex Regel

Cycas undulata Desf. ex Gaudich., Voy. Uranie, Bot.: 434. (1829).

Type Location(s): HT:P

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas circinalis L.

Cycas wallichii Miq., Acta Phytotax. Sin. 36(6): 552-554, fig. 1. (1998).

Type Location(s): HT:U

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas circinalis L.

Cycas xilingensis Hung T.Chang & Y.C.Zhong, Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatseni 36(3): 69. (1997).

Type Location(s): HT:SYS

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas segmentifida D.Yue Wang & C.Y.Deng

Dioon aculeatum Lem., Cat. Vanhoutt. 27: 45. (1846).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Dioon angustifolium Miq.

Dioon edule f. angustifolium (Miq.) Miq., Prodr. Syst. Cycad.: 10, 22. (1861).

Type Location(s): BAS: D. angustifolium

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Dioon angustifolium Miq.

Dioon edule f. edule , Prodr. Syst. Cycad.: 10. (1861).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Dioon edule Lindl.

Dioon edule f. imbricatum (Miq.) Miq., Prodr. Syst. Cycad.: 10, 22. (1861).

Type Location(s): BAS: D. imbricatum

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Dioon edule Lindl.

Dioon edule f. lanuginosum (Wittm.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 127. (1932).

Type Location(s): BAS: D. edule var. lanuginosum

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Dioon edule Lindl.

Dioon edule subsp. angustifolium (Miq.) A.E.Murray, Kalmia 13: 5. (1983).

Type Location(s): BAS: D. angustifolium

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Dioon angustifolium Miq.

Dioon edule subsp. edule , Kalmia 13: 5. (1983).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Dioon edule Lindl.

Dioon edule var. angustifolium (Miq.) Miq., Arch. Néerl. Sci. Exact. Nat. 3: 427. (1868).

Type Location(s): BAS: D. angustifolium

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Dioon angustifolium Miq.

Dioon edule var. edule , Arch. Néerl. Sci. Exact. Nat. 3: 427. (1868).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Dioon edule Lindl.

Dioon edule var. imbricatum (Miq.) Miq., Arch. Neerl. Sci. Exact. Nat. 3: 427. (1868).

Type Location(s): BAS: D. imbricatum

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Dioon edule Lindl.

Dioon edule var. lanuginosum Wittm., Gartenflora 48: 153. (1899).

Type Location(s): LT:K

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Dioon edule Lindl.

Dioon edule var. latipinnium Dyer, Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 3: 191, t. 81, figs. 1-3. (1884).

Type Location(s): HT:K

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Dioon mejiae Standl. & L.O.Williams

Dioon edule var. sonorense (De Luca, Sabato & Vázq.Torres) McVaugh & Pérez de la Rosa, Fl. Novo-Galiciana 17: 112. (1992).

Type Location(s): BAS: D. tomasellii var. sonorense

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Dioon sonorense (De Luca, Sabato & Vázq.Torres) Chemnick, T.J.Greg. & Salas-Mor.

Dioon imbricatum Miq., Tijdschr. Wis- Natuurk. Wetensch. Eerste Kl. Kon. Ned. Inst. Wetensch. 1(1): 36. (1847).

Type Location(s): LT:t. 4d-e in Verh. Eerste Kl. Kon. Ned. Inst. Wetensch. 3, 185

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Dioon edule Lindl.

Dioon pectinatum Mast., Gard. Chron. 73(338): 718. (1893).

Type Location(s): LT: Icone, in Gard. Chron. 73(338): 718, t.

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Dioon strobilaceum Lem. ex A.DC., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 16(2): 537. (1868).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Dioon edule Lindl.

Dioon tomasellii var. sonorense De Luca, Sabato & Vázq.Torres, Brittonia 36(3): 226-227, figs. 2B, 3C, 5. (1984).

Type Location(s): HT:NAP; IT:ENCB, MEXU, NY, XALU

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Dioon sonorense (De Luca, Sabato & Vázq.Torres) Chemnick, T.J.Greg. & Salas-Mor.

Dioon tomasellii var. tomasellii , Brittonia 36(3): 225-227. (1984).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Dioon tomasellii De Luca, Sabato & Vázq.Torres

Dyerocycas micholitzii (Dyer) Nakai, Ord. Fam. Prof. Nakai: 208. (1943).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. micholitzii

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas micholitzii Dyer

Encephalartos acanthus Mast., Gard. Chron., n.s., 10(261): 810. (1878).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos friderici-guilielmi Lehm.

Encephalartos afer var. afer , Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 16(2): 532. (1868).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos afer (Thunb.) Lehm.

Encephalartos afer var. brachyphyllus (Lehm. & de Vriese) Miq., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 16(2): 532. (1868).

Type Location(s): BAS: E. brachyphyllus

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos afer (Thunb.) Lehm.

Encephalartos afer var. integrifolius Regel, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 3(1): 113. (1874).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos afer (Thunb.) Lehm.

Encephalartos afer var. unidentatus Regel, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 3(1): 113. (1874).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos afer (Thunb.) Lehm.

Encephalartos altensteinii var. altensteinii , Monogr. Cycad.: 52. (1842).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos altensteinii Lehm.

Encephalartos altensteinii var. angustifolius Miq., Monogr. Cycad.: 52. (1842).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos altensteinii Lehm.

Encephalartos altensteinii var. bispinnus J.M.Wood, Ann. Rep. Bot. Gard. Natal: 8-9. (1907).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos woodii Sander

Encephalartos altensteinii var. distans Regel, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 3(1): 114. (1874).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos altensteinii Lehm.

Encephalartos altensteinii var. eriocephalus de Vriese, Nederl. Kruidk Arch. 1:171-175. (1846).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos horridus (Jacq.) Lehm.

Encephalartos altensteinii var. grandis Regel, Gartenflora 24: 40. (1875).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos altensteinii Lehm.

Encephalartos altensteinii var. macrophyllus Regel, Gartenflora 24: 41. (1875).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos altensteinii Lehm.

Encephalartos altensteinii var. parvifolius Regel, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 3(1): 114. (1874).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos altensteinii Lehm.

Encephalartos altensteinii var. paucidentatus Regel, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 3(1): 114. (1874).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos paucidentatus Stapf & Burtt Davy

Encephalartos altensteinii var. semidentatus Miq., Monogr. Cycad.: 52. (1842).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos altensteinii Lehm.

Encephalartos altensteinii var. spinosior Regel, Gartenflora 24: 40. (1875).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos altensteinii Lehm.

Encephalartos brachyphyllus Lehm. & de Vriese, Tijdschr. Natuurl. Gesch. Physiol. 4(4): 414, tt. 6-7. (1838).

Type Location(s): ?LT:tt. 6-7

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos afer (Thunb.) Lehm.

Encephalartos cycadifolius var. cycadifolius , Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 3(1): 111. (1874).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos cycadifolius (Jacq.) Lehm.

Encephalartos cycadifolius var. friderici-guilielmi (Lehm.) Regel, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 3(1): 111. (1874).

Type Location(s): BAS: E. friderici-guilielmi

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos friderici-guilielmi Lehm.

Encephalartos cycadifolius var. glaber Regel, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 3(1): 111. (1874).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos cycadifolius (Jacq.) Lehm.

Encephalartos denisonii (C.Moore & F.Muell.) F.Muell., Quart. J. Trans. Pharm. Soc. Victoria 2: 90. (1859).

Type Location(s): BAS: Macrozamia denisonii

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Lepidozamia peroffskyana Regel

Encephalartos dyeri F.Muell., Australas. Chem. Druggist 8:12. (1885).

Type Location(s): HT:MEL

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia dyeri (F.Muell.) C.A.Gardner

Encephalartos elongatus Lehm., Tijdschr. Natuurl. Gesch. Physiol. 4(4): 419, pl. 8a. (1838).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos lehmannii Lehm.

Encephalartos eugene-maraisii subsp. eugene-maraisii , Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 58(1-2): 219-224. (1988).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos eugene-maraisii I.Verd.

Encephalartos eugene-maraisii subsp. middelburgensis Lavranos & D.L.Goode, Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 58(1-2): 219-224. (1988).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos middelburgensis Vorster, Robbertse & S.van der Westh.

Encephalartos eximius I.Verd., Bothalia 6(2): 426. (1954).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE; IT:GRA, K

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos cycadifolius (Jacq.) Lehm.

Encephalartos flavistrobilus I.Turner & Sclavo, Biotechnol. Agron. Soc. Environm. 10(3): 181-183, figs. 1-4. (2006).

Type Location(s): HT:BR

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos schaijesii Malaisse, Sclavo & Crosiers

Encephalartos fraseri (Miq.) Miq., Verslagen Meded. Afd. Natuurk. Kon. Akad. Wetensch. 15: 368. (1863).

Type Location(s): BAS: Macrozamia fraseri

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia fraseri Miq.

Encephalartos gracilis Mast., Gard. Chron. 25(14): 349. (1868).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos ghellinckii Lem.

Encephalartos graniticola Vorster, Robbertse & S.van der Westh., S. African J. Bot. 54(4): 363-366, figs. 1-2. (1988).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE; IT:K, LE, MO, PRU

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos dyerianus Lavranos & D.L.Goode

Encephalartos gratus var. gratus , J. S. African Bot. 4: 153. (1938).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos gratus Prain

Encephalartos gratus var. manikensis Gilliland, J. S. African Bot. 4: 153. (1938).

Type Location(s): HT:BM

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos manikensis (Gilliland) Gilliland

Encephalartos hildebrandtii var. dentatus Melville, Kew Bull. 12(2): 248. (1957).

Type Location(s): HT:K; IT:EA

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos hildebrandtii A.Braun & C.D.Bouché

Encephalartos hildebrandtii var. hildebrandtii , Kew Bull. 12(2): 248. (1957).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos hildebrandtii A.Braun & C.D.Bouché

Encephalartos horridus var. hallianus (de Vriese) Miq., Monogr. Cycad.: 58-59. (1842).

Type Location(s): BAS: E. hallianus

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos horridus (Jacq.) Lehm.

Encephalartos horridus var. horridus , Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 2 10: 367. (1838).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos horridus (Jacq.) Lehm.

Encephalartos horridus var. lanuginosus (Jacq.) Miq., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 2 10: 367. (1838).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia lanuginosa

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos longifolius (Jacq.) Lehm.

Encephalartos horridus var. latifrons (Lehm.) Miq., Monogr. Cycad.: 59. (1842).

Type Location(s): BAS: E. latifrons

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos latifrons Lehm.

Encephalartos horridus var. latifrons (Lehm.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 117. (1932).

Type Location(s): BAS: E. latifrons

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos latifrons Lehm.

Encephalartos horridus var. nanus (Lehm.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 117. (1932).

Type Location(s): BAS: E. nanus

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos horridus (Jacq.) Lehm.

Encephalartos horridus var. trispinosus Hook., Bot. Mag. 89: t. 5371. (1863).

Type Location(s): ?LT:t. 5371

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos trispinosus (Hook.) R.A.Dyer

Encephalartos horridus var. van-hallii (de Vriese) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 117. (1932).

Type Location(s): BAS: E. van-hallii

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos horridus (Jacq.) Lehm.

Encephalartos imbricans Vorster, Novon 5(4): 388, figs. 2-5. (1995).

Type Location(s): HT:K

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos equatorialis P.J.H.Hurter

Encephalartos kanga Pócs & Q.Luke, J. E. Afr. Nat. Hist. 96(2): 195 (193-201; figs. 2-3). (2008).

Type Location(s): HT:NHT; IT:EA, K, MO

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos kisambo Faden & Beentje

Encephalartos kosiensis Hutch., Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1932: 512. (1932).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos ferox G.Bertol

Encephalartos lanuginosus (Jacq.) Lehm., Allg. Gartenzeitung 2(11): 86. (1834).

Type Location(s): BAS: Z. lanuginosa

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos longifolius (Jacq.) Lehm.

Encephalartos lanuginosus var. lanuginosus , Monogr. Cycad.: 57. (1842).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos longifolius (Jacq.) Lehm.

Encephalartos lanuginosus var. tridens Miq., Monogr. Cycad.: 57. (1842).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia sp.

Encephalartos lehmannii f. dentatus Regel ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 115. (1932).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos lehmannii Lehm.

Encephalartos lehmannii f. lehmannii , Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 115. (1932).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos lehmannii Lehm.

Encephalartos lehmannii f. spinulosus (Lehm.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 115. (1932).

Type Location(s): BAS: E. spinulosus

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos spinulosus Lehm.

Encephalartos lehmannii var. lehmannii , Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 16(2): 531. (1868).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos lehmannii Lehm.

Encephalartos lehmannii var. spinulosus (Lehm.) Miq., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 16(2): 531. (1868).

Type Location(s): BAS: E. spinulosus

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos spinulosus Lehm.

Encephalartos lemarinelianus De Wild. & T.Durand, Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 39: 80. (1900).

Type Location(s): HT:BR

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos poggei Asch.

Encephalartos longifolius var. angustifolius Miq., Monogr. Cycad.: 56. (1842).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos longifolius (Jacq.) Lehm.

Encephalartos longifolius var. hookeri Miq., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 16(2): 531-532. (1868).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos altensteinii Lehm.

Encephalartos longifolius var. latifolius Regel, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 3(1): 113. (1874).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos longifolius (Jacq.) Lehm.

Encephalartos longifolius var. longifolius , Monogr. Cycad.: 55-56. (1842).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos longifolius (Jacq.) Lehm.

Encephalartos longifolius var. revolutus Miq., Monogr. Cycad.: 55-56. (1842).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos longifolius (Jacq.) Lehm.

Encephalartos macdonnellii F.Muell. ex Miq., Verslagen Meded. Afd. Natuurk. Kon. Akad. Wetensch. 15: 376. (1863).

Type Location(s): HT:MEL

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia macdonnellii (F.Muell. ex Miq.) A.DC.

Encephalartos mackenii W.Bull, Retail List [Bull] No. 54: 116. (1870).

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Encephalartos majesticus W.Bull, Retail List [Bull] No. 83: 187. (1873).

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Encephalartos marumii de Vriese, Tijdschr. Natuurl. Gesch. Physiol. 5: 187-189. (1838).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos altensteinii Lehm.

Encephalartos mauritianus Miq., Monogr. Cycad.: 48. (1842).

Type Location(s): HT:U

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos longifolius (Jacq.) Lehm.

Encephalartos miquelii F.Muell., Fragm. (Mueller) 3: 38. (1862).

Type Location(s): LT:MEL

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia miquelii (F.Muell.) A.DC.

Encephalartos moorei (F.Muell.) F.Muell., Fragm. (Mueller) 11: 125. (1881).

Type Location(s): BAS: Macrozamia moorei

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia moorei F.Muell.

Encephalartos nanus Lehm., Tijdschr. Natuurl. Gesch. Physiol. 4(4): 421, t. 8c. (1838).

Type Location(s): ?LT:t. 8C

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos horridus (Jacq.) Lehm.

Encephalartos oldfieldii Miq., Verslagen Meded. Afd. Natuurk. Kon. Akad. Wetensch. 15: 370. (1863).

Type Location(s): HT:MEL

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia riedlei (Fisch. ex Gaudich.) C.A.Gardner

Encephalartos pauli-guilielmi (W.Hill & F.Muell.) F.Muell., Quart. J. Trans. Pharm. Soc. Victoria 2: 90. (1859).

Type Location(s): BAS: Macrozamia pauli-guilielmi

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia pauli-guilielmi W.Hill & F.Muell.

Encephalartos preissii (Lehm.) F.Muell., Quart. J. Trans. Pharm. Soc. Victoria 2: 90. (1858).

Type Location(s): BAS: Macrozamia preisii

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia riedlei (Fisch. ex Gaudich.) C.A.Gardner

Encephalartos pungens (L.f.) Lehm., Allg. Gartenzeitung 2(11): 86. (1834).

Type Location(s): BAS: Z. pungens

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Phoenix dactylifera L.

Encephalartos regalis W.Bull, Retail List [Bull] No. 250: 8, t. 4. (1889).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos altensteinii Lehm.

Encephalartos sclavoi De Luca, D.W.Stev. & A.Moretti, Delpinoa 29-30: 3-5. (1991).

Type Location(s): HT:K

Encephalartos spinulosus Lehm., Tijdschr. Natuurl. Gesch. Physiol. 4(4): 419, t. 8c. (1838).

Type Location(s): ?LT:t. 8C

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Encephalartos spiralis (Salisb.) Lehm., Allg. Gartenzeitung 2(11): 86. (1834).

Type Location(s): BAS: Z. spiralis

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia spiralis (Salisb.) Miq.

Encephalartos spiralis var. diplomera F.Muell., Fragm. (Mueller) 5: 172. (1866).

Type Location(s): LT:MEL

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia diplomera (F.Muell.) L.A.S.Johnson

Encephalartos spiralis var. major Miq., Verslagen Meded. Afd. Natuurk. Kon. Akad. Wetensch. 15: 368. (1863).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia miquelii (F.Muell.) A.DC.

Encephalartos spiralis var. spiralis , Verslagen Meded. Afd. Natuurk. Kon. Akad. Wetensch. 15: 368. (1863).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia spiralis (Salisb.) Miq.

Encephalartos striatus Stapf & Burtt Davy, Man. Pl. Transvaal [Burtt Davy] 1: 40, 99. (1926).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos villosus Lem.

Encephalartos successibus Vorster, S. African J. Bot. 61(6): 347. (1995).

Type Location(s): HT:K; IT:MO

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos whitelockii P.J.H.Hurter

Encephalartos tridentatus (Willd.) Lehm., Allg. Gartenzeitung 2(11): 86. (1834).

Type Location(s): BAS: Z. tridentata

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia sp.

Encephalartos van-hallii de Vriese, Tijdschr. Natuurl. Gesch. Physiol. 4(4): 422. (1838).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos horridus (Jacq.) Lehm.

Encephalartos venetus Vorster, S. African J. Bot. 62(2): 71. (1996).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE; IT:K

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos nubimontanus P.J.H.Hurter

Encephalartos verrucosus Vorster, Robbertse & S.van der Westh., S. African J. Bot. 54(5): 487-490, figs. 1-3. (1988).

Type Location(s): HT:PRE; IT:PRE

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos dolomiticus Lavranos & D.L.Goode

Encephalartos verschaffeltii Regel, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 3(1): 111. (1874).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos afer (Thunb.) Lehm.

Encephalartos villosus f. hildebrandtii (A.Braun & C.D.Bouché) Henn., Gartenflora 39: 238. (1890).

Type Location(s): BAS: E. hildebrandtii

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos hildebrandtii A.Braun & C.D.Bouché

Encephalartos villosus f. intermedius Henn., Gartenflora 39: 238. (1890).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos villosus Lem.

Encephalartos villosus f. villosus , Gartenflora 39: 238. (1890).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos villosus Lem.

Encephalartos villosus var. amplicatus W.Bull, Retail List [Bull] No. 83: 187. (1873).

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Encephalartos villosus var. villosus , Retail List [Bull] No. 83: 187. (1873).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos villosus Lem.

Encephalartos voiensis A.Moretti, D.W.Stev. & Sclavo, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 76(3): 935. (1989).

Type Location(s): HT:K

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos kisambo Faden & Beentje

Encephalartos vroomii Mast., Gard. Chron. 25(14): 349. (1868).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos altensteinii Lehm.

Epicycas elongata (Leandri) S.L.Yang ex de Laub., Blumea 43(2): 393. (1998).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. pectinata var. elongata

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas elongata (Leandri) D.Yue Wang

Epicycas lindstromii (S.L.Yang, K.D.Hill & T.H.Nguyên) de Laub., Blumea 43(2): 395. (1998).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. lindstromii

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas lindstromii S.L.Yang, K.D.Hill & T.H.Nguyên

Epicycas micholitzii (Dyer) de Laub., Blumea 43(2): 389. (1998).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. micholitzii

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas micholitzii Dyer

Epicycas miquelii (Warb.) de Laub., Blumea 43(2): 393. (1998).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. miquelii

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas revoluta Thunb.

Epicycas multipinnata (C.J.Chen & S.Y.Yang) de Laub., Blumea 43(2): 391. (1998).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. multipinnata

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas multipinnata C.J.Chen & S.Y.Yang

Epicycas siamensis (Miq.) de Laub., Blumea 43(2): 393. (1998).

Type Location(s): BAS: C. siamensis

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas siamensis Miq.

Epicycas tonkinensis (L.Linden & Rodigas) de Laub., Blumea 43(2): 391. (1998).

Type Location(s): BAS: Z. tonkinensis

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas tonkinensis (L.Linden & Rodigas) Rodigas

Lepidozamia denisonii (C.Moore & F.Muell.) Regel, Gartenflora 24: 43. (1875).

Type Location(s): BAS: Macrozamia denisonii

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Lepidozamia peroffskyana Regel

Lomaria eriopus Kunze, Linnaea 13: 152. (1839).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Stangeria eriopus (Kunze) Baill.

Macrozamia corallipes Hook.f., Bot. Mag. 98: t. 5943. (1872).

Type Location(s): LT:t. 5943

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia spiralis (Salisb.) Miq.

Macrozamia corallipes var. gyrata W.Bull, Retail List [Bull] No. 83: 8. (1873).

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Macrozamia cylindrica W.Bull, Gard. Chron., n.s., 1(17): 532. (1874).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Macrozamia cylindrica C.Moore, J. Proc. Roy. Soc. New S. Wales 17: 119. (1884).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia macleayi Miq.

Macrozamia denisonii C.Moore & F.Muell., Fragm. (Mueller) 1(2): 41. (1858).

Type Location(s): LT:MEL

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Lepidozamia peroffskyana Regel

Macrozamia denisonii var. denisonii , Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 101. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Lepidozamia peroffskyana Regel

Macrozamia denisonii var. hopei (W.Hill) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 101. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Lepidozamia hopei Regel

Macrozamia eburnea W.Bull, Gard. Chron. 30(11): 358. (1873).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Macrozamia elegantissima W.Bull, Gard. Chron. 30(11): 358. (1873).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Macrozamia heteromera f. harmsii J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 96. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Macrozamia heteromera f. heteromera , Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 96. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia heteromera C.Moore

Macrozamia heteromera var. dicranophylloides J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 96. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Macrozamia heteromera var. glauca C.Moore, J. Proc. Roy. Soc. New S. Wales 17: 122. (1884).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia glaucophylla D.L.Jones

Macrozamia heteromera var. tenuifolia C.Moore, J. Proc. Roy. Soc. New S. Wales 17: 122. (1884).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia stenomera L.A.S.Johnson

Macrozamia hopei W.Hill, Syn. Queensl. Fl. Suppl. 1: 52. (1886).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Lepidozamia hopei Regel

Macrozamia mackenziei W.Bull, Retail List [Bull] No. 129: 7. (1877).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia miquelii (F.Muell.) A.DC.

Macrozamia mackenziei Mast., Gard. Chron., n.s., 7(178): 665. (1877).

Type Location(s): HT:BRI

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia miquelii (F.Muell.) A.DC.

Macrozamia oldfieldii (Miq.) A.DC., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 16(2): 535. (1868).

Type Location(s): BAS: Encephalartos oldfieldii

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia riedlei (Fisch. ex Gaudich.) C.A.Gardner

Macrozamia pauli-guilielmi subsp. flexuosa (C.Moore) L.A.S.Johnson, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, ser. 2, 84(1): 109. (1959).

Type Location(s): BAS: M. flexuosa

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia flexuosa C.Moore

Macrozamia pauli-guilielmi subsp. pauli-guilielmi , Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, ser. 2, 84(1): 108-109. (1959).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia pauli-guilielmi W.Hill & F.Muell.

Macrozamia pauli-guilielmi subsp. plurinervia L.A.S.Johnson, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, ser. 2, 84(1): 108. (1959).

Type Location(s): HT:NSW

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia plurinervia (L.A.S.Johnson) D.L.Jones

Macrozamia peroffskyana (Regel) Miq., Arch. Néerl. Sci. Exact. Nat. 3: 252. (1868).

Type Location(s): BAS: Lepidozamia peroffskyana

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Lepidozamia peroffskyana Regel

Macrozamia plumosa W.Bull, Gard. Chron., n.s., 1(17): 532. (1874).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia pauli-guilielmi W.Hill & F.Muell.

Macrozamia preissii Lehm., Nov. Stirp. Pug. 8: 31. (1844).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia riedlei (Fisch. ex Gaudich.) C.A.Gardner

Macrozamia preissii subsp. dyeri (F.Muell.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 102. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia dyeri (F.Muell.) C.A.Gardner

Macrozamia preissii subsp. preissii , Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 102. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia riedlei (Fisch. ex Gaudich.) C.A.Gardner

Macrozamia spiralis var. eburnea W.Bull, Retail List [Bull] No. 83: 8. (1873).

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Macrozamia spiralis var. princeps W.Bull, Retail List [Bull] No. 83: 187. (1873).

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Macrozamia tridentata (Willd.) Regel, Gartenflora 25: 229. (1876).

Type Location(s): BAS: Z. tridentata

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia sp.

Macrozamia tridentata f. dielsii J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 93. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Macrozamia tridentata f. diplomera (F.Muell.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 94. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia diplomera (F.Muell.) L.A.S.Johnson

Macrozamia tridentata f. hillii J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 94. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Macrozamia tridentata f. milkaui J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 90. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Macrozamia tridentata f. oblongifolia (Regel) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 90. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia miquelii (F.Muell.) A.DC.

Macrozamia tridentata f. tridentata , Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 90. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia sp.

Macrozamia tridentata f. vavilovii J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 93. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Macrozamia tridentata f. wallsendensis J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 93. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Macrozamia tridentata subsp. cylindrica J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 91. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia macleayi Miq.

Macrozamia tridentata subsp. mountperriensis (F.M.Bailey) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 89. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia mountperriensis F.M.Bailey

Macrozamia tridentata subsp. tridentata , Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 91. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia sp.

Macrozamia tridentata var. corallipes (Hook.f.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 93. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia spiralis (Salisb.) Miq.

Macrozamia tridentata var. douglasii (W.Hill ex F.M.Bailey) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 90. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia douglasii W.Hill ex F.M.Bailey

Macrozamia tridentata var. mackenzii J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 90. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Macrozamia tridentata var. miquelii (F.Muell.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 90. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia miquelii (F.Muell.) A.DC.

Macrozamia tridentata var. oblongifolia Regel, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4(4): 320. (1876).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia miquelii (F.Muell.) A.DC.

Macrozamia tridentata var. pungens (Willd.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 93. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Phoenix dactylifera L.

Macrozamia tridentata var. secunda (C.Moore) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 91. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia secunda C.Moore

Palmifolium angustifolium (Jacq.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 803. (1891).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia angustifolia

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia angustifolia Jacq.

Palmifolium angustissimum (Miq.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 803. (1891).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia angustissima

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia angustifolia Jacq.

Palmifolium bolivianum (Brongn.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 803. (1891).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia boliviana

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia boliviana (Brongn.) A.DC.

Palmifolium chigua (Seem.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 803. (1891).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia chigua

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia chigua Seem.

Palmifolium debile (L.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 803. (1891).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia debilis

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia pumila L.

Palmifolium fischeri (Miq.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 803. (1891).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia fischeri

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia fischeri Miq.

Palmifolium floridanum (A.DC.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 803. (1891).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia floridana

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia integrifolia var. integrifolia

Palmifolium furfuraceum (L.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 803. (1891).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia furfuracea

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia furfuracea L.f.

Palmifolium galeottii (de Vriese) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 803. (1891).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia galeotti

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia loddigesii Miq.

Palmifolium integrifolium (L.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 803. (1891).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia integrifolia

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia integrifolia L.f.

Palmifolium kickxii (Miq.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 803. (1891).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia kickxii

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia pygmaea Sims

Palmifolium latifolium (Lodd. ex Miq.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 803. (1891).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia latifolia

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia furfuracea L.f.

Palmifolium loddigesii (Miq.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 803. (1891).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia loddigesii

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia loddigesii Miq.

Palmifolium medium (Jacq.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 803. (1891).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia media

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia integrifolia L.f.

Palmifolium mexicanum (Miq.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 803. (1891).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia mexicana

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia loddigesii Miq.

Palmifolium multifoliolatum (A.DC.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 803. (1891).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia multifoliolata

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia angustifolia Jacq.

Palmifolium muricatum (Willd.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 803. (1891).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia muricata

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia muricata Willd.

Palmifolium ottonis (Miq.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 803. (1891).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia ottonis

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia pygmaea Sims

Palmifolium poeppigianum (Mart. & Eichler) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 803. (1891).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia poeppigiana

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia poeppigiana Mart. & Eichler

Palmifolium pseudoparasiticum (J.Yates) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 803. (1891).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia pseudoparasitica

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia pseudoparasitica J.Yates

Palmifolium pumilum (L.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 803. (1891).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia pumila

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia pumila L.

Palmifolium pygmaeum (Sims) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 803. (1891).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia pygmaea

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia pygmaea Sims

Palmifolium skinneri (Warsz.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 803. (1891).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia skinneri

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia skinneri Warsz.

Palmifolium sparteum (A.DC.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 803. (1891).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia spartea

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia spartea A.DC.

Palmifolium strictum (Miq.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 803. (1891).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia stricta

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia stricta Miq.

Palmifolium tenue (Willd.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 803. (1891).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia tenuis

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia integrifolia L.f.

Palmifolium yatesii (Miq.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 803. (1891).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia yatesii

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia angustifolia Jacq.

Platyzamia rigida Zucc., Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 4(2): 23, t. 4. (1846).

Type Location(s): HT:M

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Dioon edule Lindl.

Stangeria katzeri Regel, Gartenflora 23: 163, t. 798. (1874).

Type Location(s): HT:LE

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Stangeria eriopus (Kunze) Baill.

Stangeria paradoxa T.Moore, Hooker's J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 5: 228. (1853).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Stangeria eriopus (Kunze) Baill.

Stangeria schizodon W.Bull, Retail List [Bull] No. 72: 8. (1872).

Type Location(s): ?HT:K

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Stangeria eriopus (Kunze) Baill.

Zamia afra (Thunb.) Thunb., Prodr. Pl. Cap. 2: 92. (1800).

Type Location(s): BAS: Cycas afra

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos afer (Thunb.) Lehm.

Zamia allison-armourii Millsp., Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. Ser. 2(1): 23. (1900).

Type Location(s): HT:F

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia pumila L.

Zamia amblyphyllidia D.W.Stev., Fairchild Trop. Gard. Bull. 42(3): 26. (1987).

Type Location(s): HT:NY

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia erosa O.F.Cook & G.N.Collins

Zamia angustifolia var. angustifolia , Gartenflora 27: 13. (1878).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia angustifolia Jacq.

Zamia angustifolia var. angustissima (Miq.) Regel, Gartenflora 27: 13. (1878).

Type Location(s): BAS: Z. angustissima

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia angustifolia Jacq.

Zamia angustifolia var. angustissima (Miq.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 160. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia angustifolia Jacq.

Zamia angustifolia var. floridana (A.DC.) Regel, Gartenflora 27: 13. (1878).

Type Location(s): BAS: Z. floridana

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia integrifolia var. integrifolia

Zamia angustifolia var. stricta (Miq.) Regel, Gartenflora 27: 13. (1878).

Type Location(s): BAS: Z. stricta

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia stricta Miq.

Zamia angustifolia var. yatesii (Miq.) Regel, Gartenflora 27: 13. (1878).

Type Location(s): BAS: Z. yatesii

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia angustifolia Jacq.

Zamia angustifolia var. yatesii (Miq.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 159. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia angustifolia Jacq.

Zamia angustissima Miq., Nieuwe Verh. Eerste Kl. Kon. Ned. Inst. Wetensch. Amsterdam 3(4): 184. (1851).

Type Location(s): HT:U

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia angustifolia Jacq.

Zamia baraquiniana Mast., Gard. Chron. 25(14): 349. (1868).

Type Location(s): NT:LE; INT:K

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia poeppigiana Mart. & Eichler

Zamia baraquiniana Hort. ex Regel, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4(4): 308. (1876).

Type Location(s): ?

Zamia brongniartii Wedd., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 3, 13: 249, pl. 4. (1850).

Type Location(s): HT:?P; IT:US

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia boliviana (Brongn.) A.DC.

Zamia bussellii Schutzman, R.S.Adams, J.L.Haynes & Whitelock, Cycad Newslett. 31(2-3): 22-26, figs 1-16, 18-19. (2008).

Type Location(s): HT:FLAS

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia onan-reyesii C.Nelson & Sandoval

Zamia calocoma Miq., Fl. Serres Jard. Eur. 7(6): 141. (1852).

Type Location(s): NT:G-DC; INT:BM, G, GH, K, LE, MO, NY, P

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Microcycas calocoma (Miq.) A.DC.

Zamia chamberlainii J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 153. (1932).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia pygmaea Sims

Zamia cupatiensis Ducke, Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 3: 20, pl. 1. (1922).

Type Location(s): LT:pl. 1

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia ulei Dammer

Zamia cycadifolia Jacq., Fragm. Bot.: 27, tt. 25-26. (1801).

Type Location(s): ?LT:tt. 25-26

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos cycadifolius (Jacq.) Lehm.

Zamia cycadifolia Dyer, Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 3: 195. (1884).

Type Location(s): HT:C; LT:K

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia loddigesii Miq.

Zamia cycadifolia S.Brunner, Flora 8: 733. (1825).

Type Location(s): ?

Zamia cycadis L.f., Suppl. Pl.: 443. (1782).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos afer (Thunb.) Lehm.

Zamia debilis L.f., Hort. Kew. [W. Aiton] 3: 478. (1789).

Type Location(s): LT:t. 58 in Horti Med. Amstelod 1, 1697

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia pumila L.

Zamia dentata Voigt, Syll. Pl. Nov. 2: 53. (1828).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia integrifolia L.f.

Zamia floridana A.DC., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 16(2): 544. (1868).

Type Location(s): LT:G-DC; ILT:NY

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia integrifolia var. integrifolia

Zamia floridana f. floridana , Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 152. (1932).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia integrifolia var. integrifolia

Zamia floridana f. silvicola (Small) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 152. (1932).

Type Location(s): BAS: Z. silvicola

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia integrifolia var. integrifolia

Zamia floridana var. floridana , Novon 11(3): 363. (2001).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia integrifolia var. integrifolia

Zamia floridana var. purshiana J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 151-152. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia integrifolia var. integrifolia

Zamia floridana var. umbrosa (Small) D.B.Ward, Novon 11(3): 363. (2001).

Type Location(s): BAS: Z. umbrosa

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia integrifolia var. umbrosa (Small) D.B.Ward

Zamia furfuracea var. furfuracea , Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 16(2): 541. (1868).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia furfuracea L.f.

Zamia furfuracea var. trewii A.DC., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 16(2): 541. (1868).

Type Location(s): LT:t. 26 in C.J. Trew, Pl. Select. t. 26 (G)

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia furfuracea L.f.

Zamia galeottii de Vriese, Tijdschr. Natuurl. Gesch. Physiol. 12: 24. (1845).

Type Location(s): NT:NY; INT:XAL

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia loddigesii Miq.

Zamia guggenheimiana Carabia, Caribbean Forest. 2: 89. (1941).

Type Location(s): HT:NY

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia angustifolia Jacq.

Zamia gutierrezii Sauvalle, Anales Acad. Ci. Med. Habana 5: 54-55. (1868).

Type Location(s): HT:HAC; IT:F, NY, US

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia muricata Willd.

Zamia horrida Jacq., Fragm. Bot.: 27-28, tt. 27, 28. (1801).

Type Location(s): ?LT:tt. 28

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos horridus (Jacq.) Lehm.

Zamia humilis Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 400. (1796).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia pumila L.

Zamia integrifolia var. broomei D.B.Ward, Phytologia 98(3): 175. (2016).

Type Location(s): HT: FLAS; IT: NY

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia integrifolia var. integrifolia

Zamia integrifolia var. floridana (A.DC.) D.B.Ward, Phytologia 98(3): 175. (2016).

Type Location(s): BAS: Z. floridana

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia integrifolia var. integrifolia

Zamia integrifolia var. silvicola (Small) D.B.Ward, Phytologia 98(3): 176. (2016).

Type Location(s): BAS: Z. silvicola

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia integrifolia var. integrifolia

Zamia jirijirimensis R.E.Schult., Mutisia 15: 2, fig. p. 5 s.n.. (1953).

Type Location(s): HT:GH

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia lecointei Ducke

Zamia kickxii Miq., Monogr. Cycad.: 71, t. 8. (1842).

Type Location(s): HT:U

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia pygmaea Sims

Zamia laeta Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 400. (1796).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia pumila L.

Zamia lanuginosa Jacq., Fragm. Bot.: 28, tt. 30-31. (1801).

Type Location(s): ?LT:tt. 30-31

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos longifolius (Jacq.) Lehm.

Zamia latifolia Lodd. ex Miq., Tijdschr. Wis- Natuurk. Wetensch. Eerste Kl. Kon. Ned. Inst. Wetensch. 2(4): 298. (1849).

Type Location(s): LT:t. 7, fig. a in Linnaea 19, 1847

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia furfuracea L.f.

Zamia latifoliolata Prenlel., Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sci. Nat. 11: 278. (1872).

Type Location(s): HT:LAU

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia pumila L.

Zamia leiboldii Miq., Linnaea 19(4): 425. (1847).

Type Location(s): HT:U

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia loddigesii Miq.

Zamia leiboldii var. angustifolia Regel, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4(4): 307. (1876).

Type Location(s): NT:NY

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia loddigesii Miq.

Zamia leiboldii var. latifolia Regel, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4(4): 307. (1876).

Type Location(s): HT:LE

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia loddigesii Miq.

Zamia leiboldii var. leiboldii , Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4(4): 307. (1876).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia loddigesii Miq.

Zamia loddigesii var. angustifolia Regel, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 30(1): 190. (1857).

Type Location(s): HT:LE

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia loddigesii Miq.

Zamia loddigesii var. angustifolia J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 148. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia loddigesii Miq.

Zamia loddigesii var. cycadifolia J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 148. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Zamia loddigesii var. latifolia (Lodd. ex Miq.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 147. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia furfuracea L.f.

Zamia loddigesii var. loddigesii , Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 30(1): 190. (1857).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia loddigesii Miq.

Zamia loddigesii var. longifolia J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 99: 147. (1932).

Type Location(s): LT:LE

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia loddigesii Miq.

Zamia loddigesii var. obtusifolia Regel, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 30(1): 190. (1857).

Type Location(s): LT:t. 186, figs 27-28 in Gartenflora 6, 1857

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia loddigesii Miq.

Zamia loddigesii var. spartea (A.DC.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 148. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia spartea A.DC.

Zamia longifolia Jacq., Fragm. Bot.: 28, t. 29. (1801).

Type Location(s): LT:t. 29

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos longifolius (Jacq.) Lehm.

Zamia madida R.E.Schult., Bot. Mus. Leafl. 18: 114, pl. 18. (1958).

Type Location(s): HT:GH

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia manicata Linden ex Regel

Zamia maelenii Miq., Linnaea 18(1): 97-98. (1844).

Type Location(s): HT:U

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Dioon edule Lindl.

Zamia media Jacq., Pl. Rar. Hort. Schoenbr. 3: 77, tt. 397, 398. (1798).

Type Location(s): t. 398

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia integrifolia L.f.

Zamia media f. brevipinnata J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 158. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Zamia media f. calcicola J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 155. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Zamia media f. silicea (Britton) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 157. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia pygmaea Sims

Zamia media var. commeliniana J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 155-157. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia pumila L.

Zamia media var. gutierrezii (Sauvalle) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 154-155. (1932).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia gutierrezii

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia muricata Willd.

Zamia media var. portoricensis (Urb.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 158. (1932).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia portoricensis

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia portoricensis Urb.

Zamia media var. tenuis (Willd.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 158. (1932).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia tenuis

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia integrifolia L.f.

Zamia mexicana Miq., Prodr. Syst. Cycad.: 13-14, 25-26. (1861).

Type Location(s): HT:U

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia loddigesii Miq.

Zamia miquelii W.Bull, Retail List [Bull] No. 121: 149. (1876).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Zamia multifoliolata A.DC., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 16(2): 545. (1868).

Type Location(s): HT:G-DC

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia angustifolia Jacq.

Zamia muricata var. angustifolia Miq., Monogr. Cycad.: 66. (1842).

Type Location(s): HT:U

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia muricata Willd.

Zamia muricata var. muricata , Monogr. Cycad.: 66. (1842).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia muricata Willd.

Zamia muricata var. obtusifolia Miq., Tijdschr. Natuurl. Gesch. Physiol. 10: 71-72. (1843).

Type Location(s): LT:t. 7, fig. a in Linnaea 19, 1847

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia furfuracea L.f.

Zamia noeffiana Linden ex Wittm., Gartenflora 46: 358. (1897).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Zamia obidensis Ducke, Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 3: 19. (1922).

Type Location(s): HT:MG

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia lecointei Ducke

Zamia obliqua Regel ex Ducos, Ill. Hort. 24: 140, pl. 289. (1877).

Type Location(s): pl. 289

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia obliqua A.Braun

Zamia ottonis Miq., Linnaea 17(6): 740. (1844).

Type Location(s): HT:U

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia pygmaea Sims

Zamia pallida Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 401. (1796).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Phoenix dactylifera L.

Zamia picta Dyer, Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 3: 194. (1884).

Type Location(s): HT:U

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia variegata Warsz.

Zamia polymorpha D.W.Stev., A.Moretti & Vázq.Torres, Delpinoa 37-38: 3-8, fig. 1 (1995–96 issued 1998). (1998).

Type Location(s): HT:NY

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia prasina W.Bull

Zamia potemkinii Hort. ex Miq., Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk. 2(4): 30. (1869).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Zamia princeps Rob., The Garden 9: 559. (1876).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia chigua Seem.

Zamia pseudoparasitica var. latifolia J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 142. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Zamia pumila subsp. pumila , J. Arnold Arbor. 61: 719. (1981).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia pumila L.

Zamia pumila subsp. pygmaea (Sims) Eckenw., J. Arnold Arbor. 61: 719. (1981).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia pygmaea

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia pygmaea Sims

Zamia pungens L.f., Hort. Kew. [W. Aiton] 3: 478. (1789).

Type Location(s): Tab. 45 in Till. Pis. 1723

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Phoenix dactylifera L.

Zamia pygmaea var. kickxii (Miq.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 152-153. (1932).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia kicxii

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia pygmaea Sims

Zamia pygmaea var. ottonis (Miq.) J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 153. (1932).

Type Location(s): BAS: Zamia ottonis

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia pygmaea Sims

Zamia pygmaea var. wrightii A.DC., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 16(2): 543-544. (1868).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia pygmaea Sims

Zamia silicea Britton, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 43: 462. (1916).

Type Location(s): HT:NY

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia pygmaea Sims

Zamia silvicola Small, J. New York Bot. Gard. 27(318): 128, figs. 1,2. (1926).

Type Location(s): HT:NY

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia integrifolia var. integrifolia

Zamia spiralis Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton : 401. (1796).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia spiralis (Salisb.) Miq.

Zamia sylvatica Chamb., Bot. Gaz. 81(2): 223, 225, fig. 4. (1926).

Type Location(s): LT:NY

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia loddigesii Miq.

Zamia tenuifolia W.Bull, Retail List [Bull] No. 72: 8. (1872).

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Zamia tenuis Willd., Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 4(2): 846. (1806).

Type Location(s): HT:B-W; IT:NY, U

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia integrifolia L.f.

Zamia tonkinensis L.Linden & Rodigas, Ill. Hort. 32: 27, pl. 547. (1885).

Type Location(s): LT:t.547

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Cycas tonkinensis (L.Linden & Rodigas) Rodigas

Zamia tridentata Willd., Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 4(2): 845-846. (1806).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Macrozamia sp.

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Zamia ulei subsp. lecointei (Ducke) Ducke, Arq. Inst. Biol. Veg. 2(1): 27-28. (1935).

Type Location(s): BAS: Z. lecointei

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia lecointei Ducke

Zamia ulei subsp. ulei , Arq. Inst. Biol. Veg. 2(1): 27-28. (1935).

Type Location(s): AUT

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia ulei Dammer

Zamia umbrosa Small, J. New York Bot. Gard. 22: 136, in adnot.. (1921).

Type Location(s): LT:NY

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia integrifolia var. umbrosa (Small) D.B.Ward

Zamia vernicosa Mast., Gard. Chron. 25(14): 349. (1868).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Encephalartos altensteinii Lehm.

Zamia verschaffeltii Miq., Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk. 2(4): 31-32. (1869).

Type Location(s): HT:U

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Zamia verschaffeltii f. latifolia J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 138. (1932).

Taxonomic Status: Nomen dubium

Zamia wallisii H.J.Veitch, Gard. Chron. n.s., 3: 795. (1875).

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia wallisii A.Braun

Zamia wielandii J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 149. (1932).

Type Location(s): ?

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia poeppigiana Mart. & Eichler

Zamia yatesii Miq., Nieuwe Verh. Eerste Kl. Kon. Ned. Inst. Wetensch. Amsterdam 3(4): 182. (1851).

Type Location(s): HT:U

Taxonomic Status: Synonym of Zamia angustifolia Jacq.

Catakidozamia macleayi Miq., Verslagen Meded. Afd. Natuurk. Kon. Akad. Wetensch. Ser. 2, 3(1): 56. (1869).

Ceratozamia angustifolia Linden, Ill. Hort. 28: 32. (1881).

Ceratozamia ensiformis Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 130, in syn. (1932).

Ceratozamia eriolepis Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 132, in syn. (1932).

Ceratozamia fusca Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 132, in syn. (1932).

Ceratozamia fuscata Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 132, in syn. (1932).

Ceratozamia fuscoviridis Moore, Sci. Proc. Royal Dublin Soc., n.s., 2: 112-114. (1878).

Ceratozamia ghiesbrechti hort. ex Regel, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4(4): 299. (1876).

Ceratozamia juscata Matte, Recherches Appareil Libéro-Lign. Cycad: 35. (1904).

Ceratozamia karsteniana Hort.Kew. ex Dyer, Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 3: 192. (1884).

Ceratozamia longipinnata Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 130, in syn. (1932).

Ceratozamia ottonis Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 130, in syn. (1932).

Cycas afra Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 111, in syn. (1932).

Cycas aurea Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 80, in syn. (1932).

Cycas boddami Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 75, 77, in syn. (1932).

Cycas cochinchinensis O.Warb. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 81, in syn. (1932).

Cycas hamelini Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 66, in syn. (1932).

Cycas recurvata Blume ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 74, in syn. (1932).

Cycas romanzoffiana Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 68, in syn. (1932).

Cycas squarrosa Lodd. ex Loudon, Hort. Brit. [Loudon]: 403. (1830).

Dipsacozamia mexicana Liebm. ex Dyer, Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 3: 192. (1884).

Encephalartos almasianus Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 112, in syn. (1932).

Encephalartos brownei Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 117, in syn. (1932).

Encephalartos crassifolius Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 109, in syn. (1932).

Encephalartos cycadis Sweet, Hort. Brit. [Sweet] ed. 3: 626. (1839).

Encephalartos douglasii F.Muell., Syst. Census Austral. Pl. 1:110. (1882).

Encephalartos glaber Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 112, in syn. (1932).

Encephalartos grandis Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 113, in syn. (1932).

Encephalartos heteropterus Miq. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 123, in syn. (1932).

Encephalartos katzeri Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 112, 117, in syn. (1932).

Encephalartos latifolius Sweet, Hort. Brit. [Sweet] ed. 3: 626. (1839).

Encephalartos lepeschkinei Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 116, in syn. (1932).

Encephalartos macrophyllus Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 116, in syn. (1932).

Encephalartos pruniferus Sweet, Hort. Brit. [Sweet] ed. 3: 626. (1839).

Encephalartos pumilus Sweet, Hort. Brit. [Sweet] ed. 3: 626. (1839).

Encephalartos repandus Sweet, Hort. Brit. [Sweet] ed. 3: 626. (1839).

Encephalartos revolutus Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 112 . in syn. (1932).

Encephalartos royenii Miq. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 109, in syn. (1932).

Encephalartos vandenheckei Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 113, in syn. (1932).

Encephalartos villosus var. nobilis Auct., Gard. Chron. n.s., 6: 711, figs. 134-135. (1876).

Eriozamia latifolia Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 131, in syn. (1932).

Macrozamia breviformis Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 130, in syn. (1932).

Macrozamia hopei C.Moore, J. Proc. Roy. Soc. New S. Wales 17: 116. (1884).

Macrozamia littoralis Liebm. ex Dyer, Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 3: 191. (1884).

Macrozamia pectinata Liebm. ex Dyer, Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 3: 191. (1884).

Macrozamia pungens Lehm. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 94, in syn. (1932).

Stangeria sanderiana Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 105, in syn. (1932).

Zamia amplifrons Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 130, 142, in syn. (1932).

Zamia brachyphylla Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 159, in syn. (1932).

Zamia calcicola Britton ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 155. (1932).

Zamia elegantissima Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 112, in syn. (1932).

Zamia elegantissima Schutzman, Vovides & R.S.Adams, Phytologia 85(3): 140–144, f. 1, 3a, 4. (1998).

Zamia farinosa Corda ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 145 . in syn. (1932).

Zamia ferruginea Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 145, in syn. (1932).

Zamia forgetiana Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 141, in syn. (1932).

Zamia forsteri Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 145, in syn. (1932).

Zamia fuscata Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 138, in syn. (1932).

Zamia glabra Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 112, in syn. (1932).

Zamia glauca Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 115, 117, in syn. (1932).

Zamia glaucescens Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 115, in syn. (1932).

Zamia gracilis Karw. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 148, in syn. (1932).

Zamia houtteana Dyer ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 137, in syn. (1932).

Zamia insignis Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 160. (1932).

Zamia kalbreyeri Dammer ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 142, in syn. (1932).

Zamia katzeri Regel ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 112, in syn. (1932).

Zamia linearis Miq. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 159, in syn. (1932).

Zamia macleayi Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 100, in syn. (1932).

Zamia media var. jacquiniana J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 157. (1932).

Zamia nana de Vriese, Tijdschr. Natuurl. Gesch. Physiol. 4:(4) 421. (1838).

Zamia nigra Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 145, in syn. (1932).

Zamia ortgiesii A.Braun ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 142, in syn. (1932).

Zamia parasitica Poepp. ex Eichler, Fl. Bras. (Martius) 4(1): 414. (1863).

Zamia pseudomonticola L.D.Gómez, Phytologia 50(6): 401-404. (1982).

Zamia rigida Karw. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 125, in syn. (1932).

Zamia rotundifolia Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 152, in syn. (1932).

Zamia spadicea Karw. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 148, in syn. (1932).

Zamia subcoriacea H.Wendl. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 155, in syn. (1932).

Zamia vanhouttei Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 137, in syn. (1932).

Zamia verbruggiana Hort. ex J.Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) IV.1(Heft 99): 159, in syn. (1932).

Species Browser

Filters

Bowenia serrulata (W.Bull) Chamb., Bot. Gaz. 54: 419. (1912).

Bowenia spectabilis Hook. ex Hook.f., Bot. Mag. 89: t. 5398. (1863).

Ceratozamia alba Pérez-Farr., Gut.Ortega & Vovides, Phytotaxa 666(4): 256-276 (265, figs. 5-11). (2024).

Ceratozamia alvarezii Pérez-Farr., Vovides & Iglesias, Novon 9(3) 410-413, fig. 1. (1999).

Ceratozamia aurantiaca Pérez-Farr., Gut.Ortega, J.L.Haynes & Vovides, Taxonomy 1(3): 243-255. (2021).

Ceratozamia becerrae Pérez-Farr., Vovides & Schutzman, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 146(1): 123-128, figs. 1-7. (2004).

Ceratozamia brevifrons Miq., Tijdschr. Wis- Natuurk. Wetensch. Eerste Kl. Kon. Ned. Inst. Wetensch. 1(1): 41-42. (1847).

Ceratozamia chamberlainii Mart.-Domínguez, Nic.-Mor. & D.W.Stev., Phytotaxa 317(1): 17-28. (2017).

Ceratozamia chimalapensis Pérez-Farr. & Vovides, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 157(2): 169-175, figs. 1-4. (2008).

Ceratozamia chinantlensis Pérez-Farr., Ram.-Oviedo & Gut.-Ortega, Taxonomy 4(4): 733-747 (738, figs. 4-11). (2024).

Ceratozamia decumbens Vovides, Avendaño, Pérez-Farr. & Gonz.-Astorga, Novon 18(1): 109-114, fig. 1. (2008).

Ceratozamia delucana Vázq.Torres, A.Moretti & Carvajal-Hern., Delpinoa 50-51: 129-133, figs. 1-5 (2008-2009 issued December 2013). (2013).

Ceratozamia dominguezii Pérez-Farr. & Gut.Ortega, Taxonomy 1(4): 345-349, figs. 2, 5-9. (2021).

Ceratozamia euryphyllidia Vázq.Torres, Sabato & D.W.Stev., Brittonia 38(1): 17-26, figs. 1-5. (1986).

Ceratozamia fuscoviridis W.Bull, Retail List [Bull] No. 154: 4. (1879).

Ceratozamia gigantea Mart.-Domínguez, Nic.-Mor., D.W.Stev. & Gonz.-Aguilar, Kew Bull. 79(3): 543-558 (546, figs 1-3). (2024).

Ceratozamia guatemalensis Pérez-Farr., Gut.Ortega & M.L.Quezada, Phytotaxa 668(1): 63-80 (71, figs. 10-15). (2024).

Ceratozamia hildae G.P.Landry & M.C.Wilson, Brittonia 31(3): 422-424, fig. 1. (1979).

Ceratozamia hondurensis J.L.Haynes, Whitelock, Schutzman & R.S.Adams, Cycad Newslett. 31 (2-3): 16-21, figs. 1-2. (2008).

Ceratozamia huastecorum Avendaño, Vovides & Cast.-Campos, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 141(3): 395-398, figs. 1-2. (2003).

Ceratozamia kuesteriana Regel, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 30(1): 187-188, t. 3, fig. 6; t. 4, fig. 22. (1857).

Ceratozamia latifolia Miq., Tijdschr. Wis- Natuurk. Wetensch. Eerste Kl. Kon. Ned. Inst. Wetensch. 1(1): 206. (1848).

Ceratozamia leptoceras Mart.-Domínguez, Nic.-Mor., D.W.Stev. & Lorea-Hern., Phytokeys 156: 1-25. (2020).

Ceratozamia matudae Lundell, Lloydia 2(2): 75-76. (1939).

Ceratozamia mexicana Brongn., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 3, 5: 7-8, t.. 1 1. (1846).

Ceratozamia miqueliana H.Wendl., Index Palm.: 68. (1854).

Ceratozamia mirandae Vovides, Pérez-Farr. & Iglesias, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 137(1): 81-85, figs. 1-2. (2001).

Ceratozamia mixeorum Chemnick, T.J.Greg. & Salas-Mor., Phytologia 83(1): 47-52 (1997 publ. 1998). (1998).

Ceratozamia morettii Vázq.Torres & Vovides, Novon 8(1): 87-90, fig. 1. (1998).

Ceratozamia norstogii D.W.Stev., Brittonia 34(2): 181-184, figs. 1-2. (1982).

Ceratozamia oliversacksii D.W.Stev., Mart.-Domínguez & Nic.-Mor., Kew Bull. (https://doi:10.1007/S12225-021-09992-X): 1-9 Figs 1,2,3a, 4. (2022).

Ceratozamia osbornei D.W.Stev., Mart.-Domínguez & Nic.-Mor., PhytoKeys 208: 68 (-69, figs. 5-6, 22). (2022).

Ceratozamia reesii Vovides, Pérez-Farr. & Gut.Ortega, Phytotaxa 575(3): 241 (224-252; figs. 1b, 2, 3, 4d-f, map). (2022).

Ceratozamia robusta Miq., Tijdschr. Wis- Natuurk. Wetensch. Eerste Kl. Kon. Ned. Inst. Wetensch. 1(1): 42-43. (1847).

Ceratozamia rosea Pérez-Farr., Gut.Ortega & Vovides, Phytotaxa 595(1): 73-88 (79, figs. 6-11). (2023).

Ceratozamia sabatoi Vovides, Vázq.Torres, Schutzman & Iglesias, Novon 3(4): 502-504, fig. 1. (1993).

Ceratozamia sancheziae Pérez-Farr., Gut.Ortega & Vovides, Phytotaxa 500(3): 201-216, figs. 2 (a-f) & 7 (a-d). (2021).

Ceratozamia santillanii Pérez-Farr. & Vovides, Syst. Biodivers. 7(4): 433-443, figs. 3, 7. (2009).

Ceratozamia schiblii Pérez-Farr. & Gut.Ortega, Taxonomy 2: 324–338. (2022).

Ceratozamia subroseophylla Mart.-Domínguez & Nic.-Mor., Phytotaxa 268(1): 25-45. (2016).

Ceratozamia tenuis (Dyer) D.W.Stev. & Vovides, Bot. Sci. 94(2): 419-429. (2016).

Ceratozamia totonacorum Mart.-Domínguez & Nic.-Mor., Brittonia 69(4): 518. [epublished 31 May 2017]. (2017).

Ceratozamia vovidesii Pérez-Farr. & Iglesias, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 153(4): 393-400, figs. 1-6. (2007).

Ceratozamia whitelockiana Chemnick & T.J.Greg., Phytologia 79(1): 51-57 (1995 publ. 1996). (1996).

Ceratozamia zaragozae Medellín, Brittonia 15(2): 175-176, figs. 1-4. (1963).

Ceratozamia zoquorum Pérez-Farr., Vovides & Iglesias, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 137(1): 77-80, fig.1. (2001).

Cycas aculeata K.D.Hill & T.H.Nguyên, Bot. Rev. (Lancaster) 70(2): 149-150. (2004).

Cycas aenigma K.D.Hill & A.Lindstr., Telopea 12(1): 130-132, fig. 3. (2008).

Cycas angulata R.Br., Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 1: 348. (1810).

Cycas annaikalensis Rita Singh & P.Radha, Brittonia 58(2): 119-123, figs. 1-2. (2006).

Cycas apoa K.D.Hill, Austral. Syst. Bot. 7(6): 553-554, fig. 9. (1994).

Cycas arenicola K.D.Hill, Telopea 5(2): 419-422. (1993).

Cycas armstrongii Miq., Arch. Néerl. Sci. Exact. Nat. 3: 235-236. (1868).

Cycas arnhemica K.D.Hill, Telopea 5(4): 693-696, fig. 1. (1994).

Cycas badensis K.D.Hill, Telopea 7(1): 20-21, fig. 9. (1996).

Cycas balansae Warb., Monsunia 1: 179. (1900).

Cycas basaltica C.A.Gardner, For. Dep. Bull., W. Austral. 32: 31. (1923).

Cycas beddomei Dyer, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 2(5): 85-86, pl. 17. (1883).

Cycas bifida (Dyer) K.D.Hill, Bot. Rev. (Lancaster) 70(2): 161-163. (2004).

Cycas bougainvilleana K.D.Hill, Austral. Syst. Bot. 7(6): 557-560, fig. 11. (1994).

Cycas brachycantha K.D.Hill, T.H.Nguyên & P.K.Lôc, Bot. Rev. (Lancaster) 70(2): 155-157, fig. 6. (2004).

Cycas brunnea K.D.Hill, Telopea 5(1): 200-201, fig. 15. (1992).

Cycas cairnsiana F.Muell., Fragm. (Mueller) 10(83): 63, 121. (1876).

Cycas calcicola Maconochie, J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 1(3): 175, fig. 1. (1978).

Cycas campestris K.D.Hill, Austral. Syst. Bot. 7(6): 538-540. (1994).

Cycas canalis K.D.Hill, Telopea 5(4): 698-700, fig. 4a-d. (1994).

Cycas candida K.D.Hill, Telopea 10(2): 607-611, figs. 1-2. (2004).

Cycas cantafolia Jutta, K.L.Chew & Saw, Blumea 55(3): 249-252, figs. 1-2. (2010).

Cycas chamaoensis K.D.Hill, Brittonia 51(1): 58, fig. 6. (1999).

Cycas changjiangensis N.Liu, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 36(6): 552-554, fig. 1. (1998).

Cycas chenii X.Gong & Wei Zhou, J. Syst. Evol. 53(6): 497. [epublished 15 Apr 2015]. (2015).

Cycas chevalieri Leandri, Fl. Indo-Chine 5(10): 1092. (1931).

Cycas circinalis L., Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 1188. (1753).

Cycas clivicola K.D.Hill, Brittonia 51(1): 62-63, fig. 8a-d, g-h. (1999).

Cycas collina K.D.Hill, T.H.Nguyên & P.K.Lôc, Bot. Rev. (Lancaster) 70(2): 142-144, fig. 2. (2004).

Cycas condaoensis K.D.Hill & S.L.Yang, Bot. Rev. (Lancaster) 70(2): 178-179, fig. 14. (2004).

Cycas conferta Chirgwin, J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 15(2): 147. (1993).

Cycas couttsiana K.D.Hill, Telopea 5(1): 197-198, fig. 13. (1992).